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Porcelain is also referred to as china or fine china in some English-speaking countries, as it was first seen in imports from China during the 17th century. [2] Properties associated with porcelain include low permeability and elasticity ; considerable strength , hardness , whiteness, translucency , and resonance ; and a high resistance to ...
Fine china most often refers to: Porcelain; Fine china may also refer to: Fine China (band), an American indie rock band. "Fine China" (Chris Brown song) Fine China (Lana Del Rey song) Fine China (Klara Stenvall) "Fine China" (Future and Juice Wrld song)
Literally, belles-lettres is a French phrase meaning 'beautiful' or 'fine' writing. In this sense, therefore, it includes all literary works—especially fiction, poetry, drama, or essays—valued for their aesthetic qualities and originality of style and tone. The term thus can be used to refer to literature generally.
In the UK, references to "china" or "porcelain" can refer to bone china, and "English porcelain" has been used as a term for it, both in the UK and around the world. [18] Fine china is not necessarily bone china, and is a term used to refer to ware which does not contain bone ash. [12]
Early Chinese music and poetry was influenced by the Classic of Poetry, Confucius and the Chinese poet and statesman Qu Yuan. In early imperial China, porcelain was introduced and was refined to the point that in English the word china has become synonymous with high-quality porcelain. Around the 1st century AD, Buddhism arrived in China ...
Chinoiserie entered European art and decoration in the mid-to-late 17th century; the work of Athanasius Kircher influenced the study of Orientalism.The popularity of chinoiserie peaked around the middle of the 18th century when it was associated with the Rococo style and with works by François Boucher, Thomas Chippendale, and Jean-Baptist Pillement.
The qi (棋) was defined as the board game now called weiqi (圍棋) in Chinese (Go in Japan and the West), literally meaning "surrounding game". Current definitions of qi cover a wide range of board games, and given that in classical Chinese qí could also refer to other games, some argue that the qí in the four arts could refer to xiangqi ...
The field of sinology was historically seen to be equivalent to the application of philology to China, and until the 20th century was generally seen as meaning "Chinese philology" (language and literature). [2] Sinology has broadened in modern times to include Chinese history, epigraphy, and other subjects.