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An ophthalmoscopic view of the retina showing advanced signs of diabetic retinopathy including two pale cotton wool spots. Cotton wool spots are opaque fluffy white patches on the retina of the eye that are considered an abnormal finding during a funduscopic exam (also called an ophthalmoscopic exam). [1] Cotton wool spots are typically a sign ...
Differential diagnosis Infective endocarditis Litten's sign is a clinical sign in which cotton wool spots are seen on fundoscopic examination of the retina in patients with infective endocarditis .
Common causes of scotomas include demyelinating disease such as multiple sclerosis (retrobulbar neuritis), damage to nerve fiber layer in the retina (seen as cotton wool spots [3]) due to hypertension, toxic substances such as methyl alcohol, ethambutol and quinine, nutritional deficiencies, vascular blockages either in the retina or in the optic nerve, stroke or other brain injury, and ...
Advanced retinopathy lesions, such as microaneurysms, blot hemorrhages and/or flame hemorrhages, ischemic changes (e.g. "cotton wool spots"), hard exudates and in severe cases swelling of the optic disc (optic disc edema), a ring of exudates around the retina called a "macular star" and visual acuity loss, typically due to macular involvement.
Purtscher's retinopathy is a disease where part of the eye is damaged.Usually associated with severe head injuries, it may also occur with other types of trauma, such as long bone fractures, or with several non-traumatic systemic diseases.
4.1 Differential diagnosis. 5 ... Download as PDF; Printable version ... The findings probably correspond to the 'cotton wool spots' seen on plain films in the later ...
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Findings that can be identified with fundoscopic examination include different types of retinal hemorrhages and vitreous hemorrhages, neovascularization, cotton wool spots, drusen, changes in the caliber or shape of the retinal blood vessels, chanegs in optic nerve color and shape, changes in the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), uveal nevus ...