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  2. Phi value analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phi_value_analysis

    Phi value analysis assumes Hammond's postulate, which states that energy and chemical structure are correlated.Though the relationship between the folding intermediate and native state's structures may correlate that between their energies when the energy landscape has a well-defined, deep global minimum, free energy destabilizations may not give useful structural information when the energy ...

  3. Phi coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phi_coefficient

    In statistics, the phi coefficient (or mean square contingency coefficient and denoted by φ or r φ) is a measure of association for two binary variables.. In machine learning, it is known as the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) and used as a measure of the quality of binary (two-class) classifications, introduced by biochemist Brian W. Matthews in 1975.

  4. Cramér's V - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cramér's_V

    In statistics, Cramér's V (sometimes referred to as Cramér's phi and denoted as φ c) is a measure of association between two nominal variables, giving a value between 0 and +1 (inclusive). It is based on Pearson's chi-squared statistic and was published by Harald Cramér in 1946.

  5. Golden ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_ratio

    where the Greek letter phi (⁠ ⁠ or ⁠ ⁠) denotes the golden ratio. [ a ] The constant ⁠ φ {\displaystyle \varphi } ⁠ satisfies the quadratic equation ⁠ φ 2 = φ + 1 {\displaystyle \textstyle \varphi ^{2}=\varphi +1} ⁠ and is an irrational number with a value of [ 1 ]

  6. Data science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_science

    Data analysis typically involves working with smaller, structured datasets to answer specific questions or solve specific problems. This can involve tasks such as data cleaning, data visualization, and exploratory data analysis to gain insights into the data and develop hypotheses about relationships between variables. Data analysts typically ...

  7. Effect size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effect_size

    In statistics, an effect size is a value measuring the strength of the relationship between two variables in a population, or a sample-based estimate of that quantity. It can refer to the value of a statistic calculated from a sample of data, the value of one parameter for a hypothetical population, or to the equation that operationalizes how statistics or parameters lead to the effect size ...

  8. Probit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probit

    It has applications in data analysis and machine learning, in particular exploratory statistical graphics and specialized regression modeling of binary response variables. Mathematically, the probit is the inverse of the cumulative distribution function of the standard normal distribution, which is denoted as Φ ( z ) {\displaystyle \Phi (z ...

  9. Distributional data analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributional_data_analysis

    Distributional data analysis is a branch of nonparametric statistics that is related to functional data analysis.It is concerned with random objects that are probability distributions, i.e., the statistical analysis of samples of random distributions where each atom of a sample is a distribution.