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Bipolar disorder is a serious mental health condition affecting 2.8 percent of adults in the United States. It involves episodes of mania (extreme highs) and depression (intense lows ...
In bipolar disorder, a mixed state is an episode during which symptoms of both mania and depression occur simultaneously. [45] Individuals experiencing a mixed state may have manic symptoms such as grandiose thoughts while simultaneously experiencing depressive symptoms such as excessive guilt or feeling suicidal. [45]
Mania is a syndrome with multiple causes. [6] Although the vast majority of cases occur in the context of bipolar disorder, it is a key component of other psychiatric disorders (such as schizoaffective disorder, bipolar type) and may also occur secondary to various general medical conditions, such as multiple sclerosis; certain medications may perpetuate a manic state, for example prednisone ...
Typically, these manic episodes can last at least 7 days for most of each day to the extent that the individual may need medical attention, while the depressive episodes last at least 2 weeks. [ 3 ] It is a type of bipolar disorder and conforms to the classic concept of manic-depressive illness, which can include psychosis during mood episodes.
Mixed affective state – a state with traits of both mania and depression (e.g. irritability, low mood, suicidality, and racing thoughts at the same time) Hypomania – an episode of elevated mood, similar to mania with milder symptomatic severity; Major depressive episode – a mood episode with major depressive symptoms
A mixed episode is defined by the presence of a hypomanic or depressive episode that is accompanied by symptoms of the opposite polarity. This is commonly referred to as a mood episode with mixed features (e.g. depression with mixed features or hypomania with mixed features), but can also be referred to as mixed episodes or mixed states. [ 25 ]
Manic episodes can also happen — symptoms include greatly increased energy, severe trouble sleeping, racing thoughts or reckless behavior. Hypertension . Bupropion can contribute to high blood ...
Catatonic symptoms can also occur in schizophrenia or a manic episode, or can be due to neuroleptic malignant syndrome. [ 17 ] Postpartum depression ( PPD ) is listed as a course specifier in DSM-IV-TR; it refers to the intense, sustained and sometimes disabling depression experienced by women after giving birth.