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The Magnus effect, depicted with a backspinning cylinder in an airstream. The arrow represents the resulting sideways force that can be used to help propel a ship. The curly flow lines represent a turbulent wake. The airflow is deflected in the direction of spin. A rotor or Flettner ship is designed to use the Magnus effect for propulsion. [3]
The Buckau, the first vehicle to be propelled by a Flettner rotor. A Flettner rotor is a smooth cylinder with disc end plates which is spun along its long axis and, as air passes at right angles across it, the Magnus effect causes an aerodynamic force to be generated in the direction perpendicular to both the long axis and the direction of airflow. [1]
The Magnus effect is a phenomenon that occurs when a spinning object is moving through a fluid. A lift force acts on the spinning object and its path may be deflected in a manner not present when it is not spinning. The strength and direction of the Magnus effect is dependent on the speed and direction of the rotation of the object. [1]
The E-Ship 1 is a Flettner ship: four large rotorsails that rise from its deck are rotated via a mechanical linkage to the ship's propellers. The sails, or Flettner rotors, aid the ship's propulsion by means of the Magnus effect – the perpendicular force that is exerted on a spinning body moving through a fluid stream.
The rotor comprises a spinning cylinder with circular end plates and, in an aircraft, spins about a spanwise horizontal axis. When the aircraft moves forward, the Magnus effect creates lift. [1] Anton Flettner, after whom the rotor is named, used it successfully as the sails of a rotor ship. He also suggested its use as a wing for a rotor airplane.
Flettner rotors (at the E-Ship 1) Anton Flettner, Flugzeugbau GmbH was a German helicopter and autogyro manufacturer during World War II, founded by Anton Flettner. [1] Flettner aircraft included: Flettner Fl 184 - Reconnaissance autogyro, prototype [2] Flettner Fl 185 - Reconnaissance helicopter, prototype; Flettner Fl 265 - Reconnaissance ...
The Plymouth A-A-2004 is a rotor aircraft inspired by the Flettner rotor, a type of rotor that uses the Magnus effect to produce lift. Built specifically for Zaparka in 1930 by three anonymous American inventors, this aircraft showcased the innovative use of the Magnus Effect in aviation, leading to successful flights over Long Island Sound.
The ship was propelled by two large cylindrical rotorsails, which stood as tall as masts and were rotated by an engine. The idea was to take advantage of the Magnus effect: the perpendicular force exerted on the enclosed cylinders as they spun at greater than wind speed. Savonius wondered whether the ship could be driven by a rotor apparatus ...