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Some nectar-feeding birds are important pollinators, and many frugivores play a key role in seed dispersal. [269] Plants and pollinating birds often coevolve , [ 270 ] and in some cases a flower's primary pollinator is the only species capable of reaching its nectar.
One key adaptation is the fusing of bones into single ossifications, such as the pygostyle. Because of this, birds usually have a smaller number of bones than other terrestrial vertebrates. Birds also lack teeth or even a true jaw and instead have a beak, which is far more lightweight.
Feathers are among the characteristics that distinguish the extant birds from other living groups. [188] Although feathers cover most parts of the body of birds, they arise only from certain well-defined tracts on the skin. They aid in flight, thermal insulation and waterproofing, with their colouration helping in communication and protection ...
The Papuan mountain pigeon (Gymnophaps albertisii) is a species of bird in the pigeon family, Columbidae.It is found in the Bacan Islands, New Guinea, the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, and the Bismarck Archipelago, where it inhabits primary forest, montane forest, and lowlands.
Accipitriformes is one of three major orders of birds of prey and includes the osprey, hawks, eagles, kites, and vultures. Falcons (Falconiformes) and owls (Strigiformes) are the other two major orders and are listed in other articles.
The birds then congregate in massive flocks made up of several different species for migratory purposes. Some birds make use of teamwork while hunting. Predatory birds hunting in pairs have been observed using a "bait and switch" technique, whereby one bird will distract the prey while the other swoops in for the kill.
Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing. ISBN 978-0-643-06511-6 Includes a review of recent literature on the controversy. Cramp, Stanley (1980). Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa: The Birds of the Western Palearctic – Hawks to Bustards. Oxford University Press. pp. 3, 277.
Heinroth noted behaviours of ducks and those of hybrids and suggested that their behavioural cues could be used to deduce taxonomic relationships. Heinroth had noted that chickens were alarmed by long-tailed and short-necked birds suggesting that these were the key characteristics of birds of prey.
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