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In volcanology, an explosive eruption is a volcanic eruption of the most violent type. A notable example is the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens . Such eruptions result when sufficient gas has dissolved under pressure within a viscous magma such that expelled lava violently froths into volcanic ash when pressure is suddenly lowered at the vent.
[1] [2] Volcanic eruptions can generally be characterized as either explosive eruptions, sudden ejections of rock and ash, or effusive eruptions, relatively gentle outpourings of lava. [3] A separate list is given below for each type. There have probably been many such eruptions during Earth's history beyond those shown in these lists.
Volcanic eruptions can be highly explosive. Some volcanoes have undergone catastrophic eruptions, killing large numbers of humans or other life forms. This list documents volcanic eruptions by human death toll.
On June 15, 1991, a rumbling Mount Pinatubo grew and grew until it exploded in the biggest volcanic eruption on Earth in 100 years. Super-pressurized, gas-charged magma burst through and a cloud ...
A volcano in the central Philippines explosively erupted on Monday, prompting the urgent evacuation of at least 87,000 people living within the danger zone as plumes of smoke and ash billowed ...
The volcanic island of Anak Krakatau in Indonesia saw an eruption on 22 December 2018 which caused a deadly tsunami, with waves surging up to five meters in height. The tsunami killed at least 437 ...
The term "Strombolian" has been used indiscriminately to describe a wide variety of volcanic eruptions, varying from small volcanic blasts to large eruptive columns. In reality, true Strombolian eruptions are characterized by short-lived and explosive eruptions of lavas with intermediate viscosity, often ejected high into the air. Columns can ...
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology raised the alert level indicating that a “magmatic eruption” may have started and could progress to more explosive eruptions.