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A hydrocele is an accumulation of serous fluid in a body cavity.A hydrocele testis, the most common form of hydrocele, is the accumulation of fluids around a testicle.It is often caused by fluid collecting within a layer wrapped around the testicle, called the tunica vaginalis, which is derived from peritoneum.
Typical findings are redness, warmth and swelling of the scrotum, with tenderness behind the testicle, away from the middle (this is the normal position of the epididymis relative to the testicle). The cremasteric reflex (elevation of the testicle in response to stroking the upper inner thigh) remains normal. [1]
It is best to perform a testicular self-exam after a warm shower to help the scrotum relax. To properly exam the scrotum, look for any swelling on the skin and examine each testicle by rolling the testicle between the thumbs and the fingers. A normal testicle is oval-shaped and will usually feel smooth and firm.
A hydrocele testis feels like a small fluid-filled balloon inside the scrotum. It is smooth, and is mainly in front of the testis. Hydrocele testes vary greatly in size and are typically painless and harmless. However, as the fluid continues to accumulate and the scrotum further enlarges, more discomfort can be expected.
Doppler ultrasound of the scrotum, in the axial plane, showing orchitis (as part of epididymo-orchitis) as hypoechogenic and slightly heterogenic left testicular tissue (right in image), with an increased blood flow. There is also swelling of peritesticular tissue. Blood – ESR high; Urine – Cultural & Sensitivity test; Ultrasound scanning
The testicles are very sensitive to impact and injury. The pain involved travels up from each testicle into the abdominal cavity, via the spermatic plexus, which is the primary nerve of each testicle. [31] This will cause pain in the hip and the back. The pain usually fades within a few minutes. Testicular torsion is a medical emergency. This ...
Epididymal cyst is a harmless sac in the testicles filled with fluid. [2] The most frequent clinical presentation occurs when a routine physical examination yields an unexpected finding, which is then confirmed by scrotal ultrasonography . [ 1 ]
When a large amount of blood flows to the genital region, the penis becomes erect and the testicles also experience increased blood flow and swelling. [4] In the vulva, the blood flow increases in erectile tissue, causing it to expand. After orgasm, the tissue shrinks back to its initial size as most of the blood leaves.