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A calcaneal fracture is a break of the calcaneus (heel bone). [1] Symptoms may include pain, bruising, trouble walking, and deformity of the heel . [ 1 ] It may be associated with breaks of the hip or back .
Risk factors: Fluoroquinolones, significant change in exercise, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, corticosteroids [1] [5] Diagnostic method: Based on symptoms and examination, supported by medical imaging [5] Differential diagnosis: Achilles tendinitis, ankle sprain, avulsion fracture of the calcaneus [5] Treatment: Casting or surgery [6] [5] Frequency
The risk for the development of plantar fascia tears can be increased by certain factors which could include: Overweight Non- Supportive footwear; Flat arched feet; High arched feet; A sudden increase in activity/Overuse; Hormone problems; Lack of flexibility of the calf, Achilles tendon and the plantar fascia.
Heel pad syndrome is a pain that occurs in the center of the heel. [1] There are many causes, but a mechanical etiology is most common: risk factors include obesity. [1] Other conditions with similar symptoms include plantar fasciitis. [1]
ICD-9-CM: Volumes 1 and 2 only. Volume 3 contains Procedure codes: ICD-10: The international standard since about 1998 ICPC-2: Also includes reasons for encounter (RFE), procedure codes and process of care International Classification of Sleep Disorders: NANDA: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Primarily psychiatric disorders
Plantar fasciitis is the most common type of plantar fascia injury [10] and is the most common reason for heel pain, responsible for 80% of cases. The condition tends to occur more often in women, military recruits, older athletes, dancers, [1] people with obesity, and young male athletes. [7] [12] [13]
Pelvic fractures make up around 3% of adult fractures. [1] Stable fractures generally have a good outcome. [1] The risk of death with an unstable fracture is about 15%, while those who also have low blood pressure have a risk of death approaching 50%. [2] [4] Unstable fractures are often associated with injuries to other parts of the body. [3]
In humans, the calcaneus is the largest of the tarsal bones and the largest bone of the foot. Its long axis is pointed forwards and laterally. [2] The talus bone, calcaneus, and navicular bone are considered the proximal row of tarsal bones. [3] In the calcaneus, several important structures can be distinguished: [3]