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A study found that oral spironolactone had "about 10 to 20% of the feminizing effect of cyproterone acetate" on sexual differentiation in male rat fetuses, with a dose of 40 mg/day spironolactone having an effect equal to 1–3 mg/day cyproterone acetate. [35] [36]
Spironolactone also commonly and dose-dependently produces gynecomastia (breast development) as a side effect in men. [ 110 ] [ 129 ] [ 131 ] [ 132 ] At low doses, the rate is only 5 to 10%, [ 132 ] but at high doses, up to or exceeding 50% of men may develop gynecomastia.
Weight gain of more than 2 pounds is associated with admission to the hospital for heart failure. [ 6 ] Sodium restriction – excessive sodium intake may precipitate or exacerbate heart failure, thus a "no added salt" diet (60–100 mmol total daily intake) is recommended for patients with CHF.
[12] [13] Due to its activity as an androgen receptor antagonist and progesterone receptor agonist, spironolactone causes adverse effects, including gynecomastia or decreased libido in males and menstrual abnormalities in females. [14] Spironolactone also causes hyperkalemia [15] and renal insufficiency. [16]
In single-dose scenarios, the patient's body weight and the drug's recommended dose per kilogram are used to determine a safe one-time dose. If multiple doses of treatment are needed in a day, the physician must take into account information regarding the total amount of the drug which is safe to use in one day, and how that should be broken up ...
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Due to its progestogenic (and by extension antigonadotropic) activity, CPA is able to suppress circulating testosterone levels by 70 to 80% in men at high dosages. [ 25 ] [ 94 ] In contrast, NSAAs increase testosterone levels by up to 2-fold via blockade of the AR , a difference that is due to their lack of concomitant antigonadotropic action ...
Side Effects of Finasteride 5mg. Compared to the 1mg dose, finasteride 5mg has a few more noticeable side effects. In clinical trials, eight percent of men on finasteride 5mg experienced ED, six ...