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Avoirdupois is a system of mass based on a pound of 16 ounces, while Troy weight is the system of mass where 12 troy ounces equals one troy pound. The symbol g 0 is used to denote standard gravity in order to avoid confusion with the (upright) g symbol for gram.
In the standard system the conversion is that 1 gallon = 231 cubic inches and 1 inch = 2.54 cm, which makes a gallon = 3785.411784 millilitres exactly. For nutritional labeling on food packages in the US, the teaspoon is defined as exactly 5 ml, [ 22 ] giving 1 gallon = 3840 ml exactly.
The cubic inch and the cubic foot are used as units of volume in the United States, although the common SI units of volume, the liter, milliliter, and cubic meter, are also used, especially in manufacturing and high technology. One cubic inch is exactly 16.387 064 mL. One cubic foot is equal to exactly 1,728 cubic inches (28.32 L), as 12 3 = 1728.
It is defined as the pressure exerted by a column of water of 1 inch in height at defined conditions. At a temperature of 4 °C (39.2 °F) pure water has its highest density (1000 kg/m 3). At that temperature and assuming the standard acceleration of gravity, 1 inAq is approximately 249.082 pascals (0.0361263 psi). [2]
The fluid ounce derives its name originally from being the volume of one ounce avoirdupois of water, [21] but in the US it is defined as 1 ⁄ 128 of a US gallon. Consequently, a fluid ounce of water weighs about 1.041 ounces avoirdupois.
This made the mass of a fluid ounce of water one avoirdupois ounce (exactly 28.349 523 125 g), a relationship which remains approximately valid today despite the imperial gallon's definition being slightly revised to be 4.546 09 litres (thus making the imperial fluid ounce exactly 28.413 0625 mL).
Wine was measured with units based on the wine gallon of 231 cubic inches (3.785 L), beer was measured with units based on an ale gallon of 282 cubic inches (4.621 L) and grain was measured with the Winchester measure with a gallon of approximately 268.8 cubic inches (one eighth of a Winchester bushel or 4.405 L). In 1824, these units were ...
2 fluid ounces or 60 mL, [10] w-gl. [25]: 12 2 2 wineglasses = 1 teacup teacup tcf. [19] 4 fluid ounces [10] 4 2 teacups = 1 coffeecup coffeecup (tumbler, kitchencup) 8 fluid ounces [15] 8 2 coffeecups = 1 jug jug (pint) 16 2 jugfuls = 1 pitcher pitcher (quart) ptch. 32 2 pitchers = 1 pottle