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A look at the history of vehicle structural design considering body on frame, unibody, monocoque, space frame, skateboard chassis, and other techniques.
A vehicle frame, also historically known as its chassis, is the main supporting structure of a motor vehicle to which all other components are attached, comparable to the skeleton of an organism. Until the 1930s, virtually every car had a structural frame separate from its body. This construction design is known as body-on-frame.
Body-on-frame vehicles consist of a rolling chassis that is mated to a vehicle body and desired powertrain. Beyond noticing that pickup trucks, SUVs, minivans, and family sedans all look different, you may not even consider how each is built.
Body-on-frame is a traditional motor vehicle construction method whereby a separate body or coach is mounted on a strong and relatively rigid vehicle frame or chassis that carries the powertrain (the engine and drivetrain) and to which the wheels and their suspension, brakes, and steering are mounted.
In the automotive industry, the automotive body structure (car body) is also known as the body-in-white (BIW). There are 3 main types of vehicle architecture in the automotive industry , a body-on-frame/ ladder frame construction, a space frame, and a unibody type design.
Body-on-frame vehicles are built by mounting and securing their main body onto a rolling chassis. A variety of designs fall under the body-on-frame category, such as x-frames, perimeter frames, and space frames.
Historically known as a car’s body, the frame is the vehicle’s structure. In a motor vehicle, the chassis is the main structural component attached to all other components, similar to the skeleton of an organism. Most cars had a structural frame separate from their bodies until the 1930s.
A vehicle's body is built independently from a structural frame — or platform — that supports the driveline and suspension. The body is then placed atop the frame during assembly.
Vehicles with body-on-frame construction are, as they sound, constructed from a frame with the body attached on top. Trucks, SUVs, and off-road vehicles still use this setup because it allows...
Cars were constructed with a chassis and a frame, known as a body-on-frame construction. Nowadays, passenger vehicles or cars are fitted with unibody or monocoque frames. The car chassis is the skeleton of a vehicle and it supports the body built around it and also aids in smooth handling.