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Urban resilience is a term used to describe the ability of a city or urban community to withstand or prosper during disasters, both man-made and natural. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This concept includes the resilience of both physical infrastructure as well as social, health, and economic systems.
Urban resilience refers to the ability of an urban place to adapt, grow and evolve when it is placed under stress events. Most climate scientists agree that warmer Earth surface temperatures increase the frequency and severity of natural disasters, with these events becoming 5 times as common in recent years. [ 21 ]
As climate change progresses, urban design can mitigate the results of flooding, temperature changes, and increasingly detrimental storm impacts through a mindset of sustainability and resilience. In doing so, the urban design discipline attempts to create environments that are constructed with longevity in mind, such as zero-carbon cities .
The formal definition of the term is the "capacity of social, economic and ecosystems to cope with a hazardous event or trend or disturbance". [15]: 7 For example, climate resilience can be the ability to recover from climate-related shocks such as floods and droughts. [16]
Psychological resilience, an individual's ability to adapt in the face of adverse conditions; Supply chain resilience, the capacity of a supply chain to persist, adapt, or transform in the face of change; Urban resilience, the adaptive capacities of complex urban systems to manage change, order and disorder over time
The resilience loss is a metric of only positive value. It has the advantage of being easily generalized to different structures, infrastructures, and communities. This definition assumes that the functionality is 100% pre-event and will eventually be recovered to a full functionality of 100%. This may not be true in practice.
Water Sensitive Urban Design with Green Infrastructure in the bottom right corner.. Water-sensitive urban design (WSUD) is a land planning and engineering design approach which integrates the urban water cycle, including stormwater, groundwater, and wastewater management and water supply, into urban design to minimise environmental degradation and improve aesthetic and recreational appeal. [1]
There is a ongoing paradigm shift in urban planning that is focused on development of climate friendly and resilience by using climate urbanism. Climate urbanism aims to protect physical and digital infrastructures of urban economies from the hazards associated with climate change.