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In Roman law, the term bonus pater familias ("good family father") refers to a standard of care, analogous to that of the reasonable man in the common law. [1] In Spanish law, the term used is a direct translation ("un buen padre de familia"), and used in the Spanish Código Civil. [2] It is also used in Latin American countries. [3]
Ancient predecessors of the reasonable person include the bonus pater familias (the good family father) of ancient Rome, [1] the bonus vir (the good man) and spoudaios (the earnest person) in ancient Greece as well as the geru maa (the silent person) in ancient Egypt. [7]
The pater familias, also written as paterfamilias (pl.: patres familias), [1] was the head of a Roman family. [2] The pater familias was the oldest living male in a household, and could legally exercise autocratic authority over his extended family.
In Roman law, status describes a person's legal status. The individual could be a Roman citizen (status civitatis), unlike foreigners; or he could be free (status libertatis), unlike slaves; or he could have a certain position in a Roman family (status familiae) either as head of the family (pater familias), or as a lower member (filii familias).
Additionally, adult sons would often marry and continue to live in the family household under their pater familias until their father died and they took over the responsibility of pater familias. [2] The pater familias could also perform an emancipatio (emancipation) ritual – a process that set the son free, three times in a row – to grant ...
[2]: 17 From this definition, a father and all his children are part of his familia, as are the children of his sons. The children of his daughters, however, would become part of their father's familia. [2]: 17 At the head of the entire familia was the pater familias. The pater familias was the oldest
Derived from the phrase pater familias, an Old Latin expression preserving the archaic -as ending for the genitive case. Pater Omnipotens: Father Almighty: A more direct translation would be "omnipotent father". Pater Patriae: father of the nation: A Latin honorific meaning "Father of the Country", or more literally, "Father of the Fatherland ...
English common law mandated that the legal place or status of an English subject's children was based on that of their father as the head of the household, known as pater familias.