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The Guard received better pay, rations, quarters, and equipment, and all guardsmen ranked one grade higher than all non-Imperial Guard soldiers. Other French soldiers even referred to Napoleon's Imperial Guard as "the Immortals". [1] The Guard played a major part in the climax of the Battle of Waterloo. It was thrown into the battle at the last ...
The infantry during the Napoleonic era provided the majority of the fighting force while on campaign. The nucleus of the army was formed in 1803, when the old 'royalist term' of Régiment replaced the 'republican style' Demi-Brigade, which subsequently referred to provisional units only. At the time, only some 90 regiments existed, the majority ...
The Old Guard (French: Vieille garde) was a formation of the French Imperial Army's Imperial Guard. Consisting exclusively of veteran troops, it was the most prestigious formation in Napoleon's Grande Armée. [1] [2] French soldiers often referred to Napoleon's Old Guard as "the Immortals". [3] [4]
During the Napoleonic Wars, every French regiment, division, and corps had its own medical staff, consisting of ambulance units, orderlies to perform nursing duties, apothecaries, surgeons, and doctors. Larrey was instrumental in reorganising military hospitals and making them more mobile.
3rd National Guard Infantry Division [20] 4th National Guard Infantry Division [21] Artillery: Three foot artillery batteries – two of which replaced a horse artillery battery which was sent back to Rapp's V Corps (24 guns) [19] [22] Total 5,392–8,400 men [23] II Corps of Observation [13] – Armée du Var. [24]
Mortier's 14,000 men and 41 guns included the Fusilier-Chasseurs and Fusilier-Grenadiers of the Imperial Guard under Savary, Loison's French division of six infantry battalions and nine cavalry squadrons, General Charles Louis Dieudonné Grandjean's Dutch contingent with 12 battalions and two hussar regiments, six Italian battalions with ...
Napoleon directed the following troops eastward to face Blücher: Friant's 1st Old Guard Division, Ney's two Young Guard divisions, Nansouty's 2nd and 3rd Guard Cavalry Divisions, and Saint-Germain's II Cavalry Corps. Jean Francois Leval's infantry division was marching north from Sézanne. [38]
The Middle Guard (French: Moyenne Garde) was a formation of the French Imperial Army's Imperial Guard. It was an intermediate force between the elite Old Guard and the less experienced Young Guard. It played a role in Napoleon's military campaigns, offering a balance of experience and infantry flexibility.