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Detritus (/ d ə ˈ t r aɪ t ə s /; adj. detrital / d ə ˈ t r aɪ t əl /) is particles of rock derived from pre-existing rock through weathering and erosion. [1] A fragment of detritus is called a clast. [2] Detrital particles can consist of lithic fragments (particles of recognisable rock), or of monomineralic fragments (mineral grains).
Weathering and erosion break the original rock down into smaller fragments and carry away dissolved material. This fragmented material accumulates and is buried by additional material. While an individual grain of sand is still a member of the class of rock it was formed from, a rock made up of such grains fused together is sedimentary.
Honeycomb weathering – Form of cavernous weathering and subcategory of tafoni; Impact crater – Circular depression in a solid astronomical body formed by the impact of a smaller object; Joint valley – Landscape originates from the erosion of joints in the bedrock, leaving out small plateaus or ridges in between. Common in Fennoscandia.
Denudation incorporates the mechanical, biological, and chemical processes of erosion, weathering, and mass wasting. Denudation can involve the removal of both solid particles and dissolved material. These include sub-processes of cryofracture, insolation weathering, slaking , salt weathering, bioturbation , and anthropogenic impacts.
Many of Earth's landforms and landscapes are the result of weathering, erosion and redeposition. Weathering is a crucial part of the rock cycle; sedimentary rock, the product of weathered rock, covers 66% of the Earth's continents and much of the ocean floor. [4]
Chemical weathering of igneous minerals leads to the formation of secondary minerals, which constitute the weathering products of the parent minerals. Secondary weathering minerals of igneous rocks can be classified mainly as iron oxides, salts, and phyllosilicates. The chemistry of the secondary minerals is controlled in part by the chemistry ...
The erosion of hard ocean substrates by living organisms through various biological mechanisms. biogenic Of biological origin – Produced by the present or past activity of living organisms, or by a biological process. bioherm Landform of organic sedimentary rock enclosed or surrounded by rock of different origin. biostratigraphy
Foreground shows corals truncated by erosion; behind the geologist is a post-erosion coral pillar which grew on the surface after sea level rose again. In geology and geomorphology, an erosion surface is a surface of rock or regolith that was formed by erosion [1] and not by construction (e.g. lava flows, sediment deposition [1]) nor fault ...