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The cavity magnetron is a high-power vacuum tube used in early radar systems and subsequently in microwave ovens and in linear particle accelerators. A cavity magnetron generates microwaves using the interaction of a stream of electrons with a magnetic field , while moving past a series of cavity resonators , which are small, open cavities in a ...
Electrically, this is similar to the two cavity oscillator klystron with considerable feedback between the two cavities. Electrons exiting the source cavity are velocity modulated by the electric field as they travel through the drift tube and emerge at the destination chamber in bunches, delivering power to the oscillation in the cavity.
It was the first German radar to be based on the cavity magnetron, which eliminated the need for the large multiple dipole-based antenna arrays seen on earlier radars, thereby greatly increasing the performance of the night fighters. Introduced by Telefunken in April 1945, only about 25 units saw service.
Sir John Turton Randall, FRS FRSE [2] (23 March 1905 – 16 June 1984) was an English physicist and biophysicist, credited with radical improvement of the cavity magnetron, an essential component of centimetric wavelength radar, which was one of the keys to the Allied victory in the Second World War.
The development of the cavity magnetron, a key radar component, would enable the production of radar units small enough to be installed in night fighters, allow antisubmarine aircraft to locate surfaced U-boats and provide great navigational assistance to bombers. It is considered to be a significant factor in the eventual Allied victory in the ...
FuG 224 Berlin A, and the contemporary FuG 240 Berlin N1 or Nachtjagd air interception radar, [1] [2] both made use of captured examples of the British cavity magnetron in the H2S radar. A H2S-equipped Short Stirling bomber had crashed near Rotterdam on the night of 2 February 1943. [3] This led to H2S being given the German codename Rotterdam ...
Poynting Physics Building, Birmingham University An original six-cavity magnetron. University of Birmingham – Poynting Physics Building – blue plaque. Henry Boot was born in Birmingham and attended King Edward's School, Birmingham and the University of Birmingham. [2] While working on his PhD the war broke out.
The cavity magnetron was the first practical device for producing power at centimeter wavelengths. It enabled the development of radars that could produce clear images of distant objects by bouncing microwaves off their targets.