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Stem cuttings from woody plants are treated differently, depending on the maturity of the wood: Softwood cuttings come from stems that are rapidly expanding, with young leaves. In many species, such cuttings form roots relatively easily. [11] [12] Semi-hardwood cuttings come from stems that have completed elongation growth and have mature leaves.
How magical: Stick a piece of wood in the ground and next year it becomes a plant. Not every woody plant will magically take root and start to grow from hardwood cuttings. Expect close to a 100% ...
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Hardwood is wood from angiosperm trees. These are usually found in broad-leaved temperate and tropical forests . [ 1 ] In temperate and boreal latitudes they are mostly deciduous , but in tropics and subtropics mostly evergreen .
Propagation is by seeds sown as soon as ripe or they can be stored dry in airtight containers in a cool place for up to a year and then sown. Plants can be divided in the early spring, with a sharp spade or even an axe, chopping right through the middle. Softwood and hardwood cuttings are easy to root.
Methods include the winter transplanting of root suckers; taking hardwood cuttings from vigorous one-year-old shoots in late winter, [13] taking root cuttings in early spring; taking softwood cuttings in early summer; [14] grafting; ground and air layering; and micropropagation.
Finished lumber is supplied in standard sizes, mostly for the construction industry – primarily softwood, from coniferous species, including pine, fir and spruce (collectively spruce-pine-fir), cedar, and hemlock, but also some hardwood, for high-grade flooring. It is more commonly made from softwood than hardwoods, and 80% of lumber comes ...
Wood grain is the longitudinal arrangement of wood fibers [1] or the pattern resulting from such an arrangement. [2] R. Bruce Hoadley wrote that grain is a "confusingly versatile term" with numerous different uses, including the direction of the wood cells (e.g., straight grain, spiral grain), surface appearance or figure, growth-ring placement (e.g., vertical grain), plane of the cut (e.g ...