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Under the Mauryan system there was no private ownership of land as all land was owned by the emperor to whom tribute was paid by the labouring class. In return the emperor supplied the labourers with agricultural products, animals, seeds, tools, public infrastructure, and stored food in reserve for times of crisis. [123]
An emperor - most probably Ashoka - with his two empresses Asandhimitra and Karuvaki and three attendants, in a relief at Sanchi. [2] The emperor's identification with Ashoka is suggested by a similar relief at Kanaganahalli, which bears his name. [139] [2] Ashoka with his empress Tishyarakshita, at Kanaganahalli near Sannati, 1st–3rd century CE.
The empire was founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 322 BCE and lasted until 185 BCE. The Mauryan Empire was the first pan-Indian empire. At its height, the empire covered most of the Indian subcontinent. [3] The Mauryan Emperor was the monarchical head of state and wielded absolute rule over the empire.
The Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II (1759–1806) made futile attempts to reverse the Mughal decline. Delhi was sacked by the Afghans, and when the Third Battle of Panipat was fought between the Maratha Empire and the Afghans (led by Ahmad Shah Durrani ) in 1761, in which the Afghans were victorious, the emperor had ignominiously taken temporary ...
The Mauryan Empire unified most of the Indian subcontinent into one state for the first time and was one of the largest empires in subcontinental history. [38] The empire was established by Chandragupta Maurya. Under Mauryan rule, the economic system benefited from the creation of a single efficient system of finance, administration, and security.
Founder of first Indian united empire. Bindusara Amitraghata: 297–273 BCE: Known for his foreign diplomacy and crushed of Vidarbh revolt. Ashoka: 268–232 BCE: Greatest emperor of dynasty. His son Kunala was blinded and died before his father. Ashoka was succeeded by his grandson. Also known for Kalinga war victory. Dasharatha Maurya: 232 ...
The closest to an official name for the empire was Hindustan, which was documented in the Ain-i-Akbari. [29] Mughal administrative records also refer to the empire as "dominion of Hindustan" (Wilāyat-i-Hindustān), [30] "country of Hind" (Bilād-i-Hind), "Sultanate of Al-Hind" (Salṭanat(i) al-Hindīyyah) as observed in the epithet of Emperor Aurangzeb [31] or endonymous identification from ...
Map of the Mughal Empire at its greatest extent, under Aurangzeb C.1707 [21]. The Mughal Empire has often been called the last golden age of India. [22] [23] It was founded in 1526 by Babur of the Barlas clan, after his victories at the First Battle of Panipat and the Battle of Khanwa, against the Delhi Sultanate and Rajput Confederation, respectively.