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Carcinoma of the tonsil is a type of squamous cell carcinoma. The tonsil is the most common site of squamous cell carcinoma in the oropharynx. It comprises 23.1% of all malignancies of the oropharynx. [1] The tumors frequently present at advanced stages, and around 70% of patients present with metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes. [2].
Oropharyngeal cancer, [1] [2] [3] also known as oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and tonsil cancer, [1] is a disease in which abnormal cells with the potential to both grow locally and spread to other parts of the body are found in the oral cavity, in the tissue of the part of the throat that includes the base of the tongue, the tonsils, the soft palate, and the walls of the pharynx.
Lymphoma, a cancer of the immune system, can also present with swollen tonsils: “It can be on one or both sides, often with lumps or lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, or groin,” says Dr. Zalvan.
HPV+OPC presents in one of four ways: as an asymptomatic abnormality in the mouth found by the patient or a health professional such as a dentist; with local symptoms such as pain or infection at the site of the tumor; with difficulties of speech, swallowing, and/or breathing; or as a swelling in the neck (if the cancer has spread to lymph nodes).
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils in the upper part of the throat.It can be acute or chronic. [8] [9] [2] Acute tonsillitis typically has a rapid onset. [10]Symptoms may include sore throat, fever, enlargement of the tonsils, trouble swallowing, and enlarged lymph nodes around the neck.
The tonsils in the back of the mouth, the adenoid, and the tonsilar tissue at the base of the tongue combine to form Waldeyer's ring, a tissue ring that helps keep toxins, bacteria, and viruses out of the body. B lymphocytes, a kind of blood cell that produces antibodies, make up the majority of the tissues found in the tonsils and adenoid ...
After being exposed to several tonsil infections, tonsils have the tendency to become swollen and inflamed, but other factors may make them enlarged as well, such as genetics. Some of the significant problems that can arise due to having enlarged tonsils are breathing difficulties and the ability to swallow, thus the removal of tonsils is required.
[2] [3] Complications can include sinusitis and acute otitis media. [2] Pharyngitis is a type of upper respiratory tract infection. [7] Most cases are caused by a viral infection. [2] Strep throat, a bacterial infection, is the cause in about 25% of children and 10% of adults. [2]