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The Sudan Criminal Code of 1991 did not list slavery as a crime, but the Republic of Sudan has ratified the Slavery Convention, the Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery, and is a party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). [1]
Some black slaves served in the military forces of North Africa. [37] [39] For example, the Zirid dynasty used black slaves imported from Sudan via Zawila. [33] In some instances, Christians in Africa would acquiesce to Muslims demands that they be provided with slaves.
Slave raiding was a demanding and not always profitable business however, in 1830 his assault on the Shilluk at Fashoda involved 2,000 soldiers but took only 200 slaves; in 1831–1832 an expedition of 6,000 attacked Jabal Taka in the Nuba Mountains. The assault was not successful, and Khurshid lost 1,500 men.
A number of territories in modern Sudan and South Sudan were not conquered in the conquest of 1822–24, but were added following campaigns in later years. These included the Kassala region in 1840, [45] the Upper White Nile region around Fashoda in 1855, [46] Suakin and the Red Sea coast in 1865, [47] Equatoria in 1870, [48] and Darfur in 1874 ...
During the Temporary Slavery Commission (TSC), a flourishing slave trade was discovered between Sudan and Ethiopia: slave raids were conducted from Ethiopia to the Funj and White Nile provinces in South Sudan, capturing Berta, Gumuz and Burun non-Muslims, who were bought from Ethiopian slave traders by Arab Sudanese Muslims in Sudan or across ...
In the 1920s, action was taken against the Red Sea slave trade by the British during their campaign against slavery in Sudan by taking better control of the Hajj pilgrimage, establishing a clearinghouse in Port Sudan for slaves repatriated by the British from slavery in the Kingdom of Hejaz, resulting in over 800 slaves resettled between 1925 ...
A map of Sudan. The Hala'ib Triangle has been under contested Egyptian administration since 2000. A Köppen climate classification map of Sudan. Sudan is situated in North Africa, with an 853 km (530 mi) coastline bordering the Red Sea. [208] It has land borders with Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, South Sudan, the Central African Republic, Chad, and ...
The founder of the Caliphate allowed slavery only for non-Muslims; slavery was viewed as a process to bring such peoples into the Muslim community. [18] At least half of the Caliphate's population were enslaved people in the nineteenth century. [54] There was a huge expansion of slaves due to the jihad campaigns, frontier wars and slave raids. [38]