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The Network Information Service, or NIS (originally called Yellow Pages or YP), is a client–server directory service protocol for distributing system configuration data such as user and host names between computers on a computer network. Sun Microsystems developed the NIS; the technology is licensed to virtually all other Unix vendors.
The Open Group requests that UNIX always be used as an adjective followed by a generic term such as system to help avoid the creation of a genericized trademark. Unix was the original formatting, [disputed – discuss] but the usage of UNIX remains widespread because it was once typeset in small caps (Unix).
They are used by system processes that provide widely used types of network services. On Unix-like operating systems, a process must execute with superuser privileges to be able to bind a network socket to an IP address using one of the well-known ports. [5]
Bootp was an early protocol used for this, and to this day its descendant DHCP is still very common. Many Unix-like systems include a program called dhclient to handle this dynamic configuration. Given a relatively static or simple dynamic configuration, static configuration modified by dhclient works well. However, as networks and their ...
Berkeley sockets originated with the 4.2BSD Unix operating system, released in 1983, as a programming interface.Not until 1989, however, could the University of California, Berkeley release versions of the operating system and networking library free from the licensing constraints of AT&T Corporation's proprietary Unix.
netcat (often abbreviated to nc) is a computer networking utility for reading from and writing to network connections using TCP or UDP. The command is designed to be a dependable back-end that can be used directly or easily driven by other programs and scripts. At the same time, it is a feature-rich network debugging and investigation tool ...
Network File System (NFS) is a distributed file system protocol originally developed by Sun Microsystems (Sun) in 1984, [1] allowing a user on a client computer to access files over a computer network much like local storage is accessed. NFS, like many other protocols, builds on the Open Network Computing Remote Procedure Call (ONC RPC
The Unix domain socket label is used when the domain parameter's value is AF_UNIX. The Internet domain socket label is used when the domain parameter's value is either AF_INET or AF_INET6. [12] The type parameter should be one of two common socket types: stream or datagram. [10] A third socket type is available for experimental design: raw.