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A derived, reworked or remanié fossil is a fossil found in rock that accumulated significantly later than when the fossilized animal or plant died. [100] Reworked fossils are created by erosion exhuming (freeing) fossils from the rock formation in which they were originally deposited and their redeposition in a younger sedimentary deposit.
Fossils of organisms' bodies are usually the most informative type of evidence. The most common types are wood, bones, and shells. [59] Fossilisation is a rare event, and most fossils are destroyed by erosion or metamorphism before they can be observed. Hence the fossil record is very incomplete, increasingly so further back in time.
A study on the anatomy of wood of extant members of the genus Ficus and fossil wood with affinities to Ficus, and on its implications for determination of the organs preserved as fossil wood and their habits, is published by Monje Dussán, Pederneiras & Angyalossy (2025). [16]
Archaeology is distinct from palaeontology, which is the study of fossil remains. Archaeology is particularly important for learning about prehistoric societies, for which, by definition, there are no written records. Prehistory includes over 99% of the human past, from the Paleolithic until the advent of literacy in societies around the world. [1]
Su et al. (2025) describe two new specimens of Glyphoderma kangi, providing new information on the anatomy of the studied placodont. [7]Marx et al. (2025) report evidence of preservation of skin traces, including smooth skin on the tail and scaly skin on the flippers, as well as evidence of preservation of melanosomes and keratinocytes in a plesiosaur specimen from the Lower Jurassic Posidonia ...
A 2020 examination of a sample of 3D preserved fossil skin (YPMPU 016969) from the flank of a hadrosaurid revealed the presence of eumelanin in the specimen. Fabbri et al. hypothesized that this may suggest a grey colour, comparable to the skin of extant rhinoceros and elephants .
Discovery of the White Sands fossil footprints in White Sands National Park, New Mexico, is first published. Dating to between 21,000 and 23,000 years BP makes this the oldest evidence for a human presence in North America. [121] [122]
The Omo I fossils indicate more modern traits, while studies of the postcranial remains of Omo II indicate an overall modern human morphology with some primitive features. The fossils were found in a layer of tuff , between a lower, older geologic layer named Member I and a higher, newer layer dubbed Member III. [ 3 ]