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Osphronemus is a genus of large gouramis, the only genus within the subfamily Osphroneminae.These fish are known as the giant gouramis and are native to rivers, lakes, pools, swamps and floodplains in Southeast Asia, with O. exodon from the Mekong basin, O. laticlavius and O. septemfasciatus from Borneo, while O. goramy is relatively widespread.
Partly in consequence of its size, the giant gourami is a significant food fish, and in its native regions it has been harvested as a customary food source. [13] In Southeast Asian cuisine, gourami is highly valued as food due to its thick flesh, pleasant texture as well as its tasty flavour.
Sphaerichthys acrostoma, [1] sometimes known as the giant chocolate gourami, is a species of gourami. It is native to Asia, where it is known only from the Kalimantan region of Borneo in Indonesia. The species reaches 4.6 cm (1.8 inches) in standard length, although some sources report a maximum standard length of 7 cm (2.8 inches). [2]
Big gouramis may become territorial with fish that are colourful and a comparable size to them, however that generally depends on the individual's temperament, as some gourami will be more tolerant of tankmates than others. [9] [10] Gouramis may nip at other fish, and males should never be kept together as they will become aggressive. [8]
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In the 1950s, a giant gourami population was established in Hawaii. [8] Other smaller labyrinth fish, such as the climbing perch, the kissing gourami, the snakeskin gourami, and other gouramies of the genus Trichogaster, are local food fish in Southeast Asia. [4] In some areas, the fish are processed into salted and dried food. [9]
Sphaerichthys is a genus of gouramis native to Southeast Asia known as chocolate gourami. [2] These species live mostly in blackwater rivers/swamps with acidic water. They have dark-light brownish hues with the exception being the female of S. vaillanti which can be dark reddish brown with green-dark blue/black stripes.
Osphronemus septemfasciatus is a species of giant gourami, a type of Southeast Asian freshwater fish from the family Osphronemidae. [2] It is endemic to the island of Borneo where it is found in the Malaysian state of Sarawak, in Brunei, and the Indonesian provinces of West Kalimantan, East Kalimantan and North Kalimantan.