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Anorectal abscess (also known as an anal/rectal abscess or perianal/perirectal abscess) is an abscess adjacent to the anus. [1] Most cases of perianal abscesses are sporadic, though there are certain situations which elevate the risk for developing the disease, such as diabetes mellitus, Crohn's disease, chronic corticosteroid treatment and others.
Perianal cellulitis, also known as perianitis or perianal streptococcal dermatitis, is a bacterial infection affecting the lower layers of the skin around the anus. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It presents as bright redness in the skin and can be accompanied by pain, difficulty defecating, itching, and bleeding.
An unlanced abscess may burst and a fistula form. The disease becomes chronic after recurrences. Treatment includes administration of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents and, in the suppurative stage, surgical lancing of any anorectal abscess.
Anorectal disorders include conditions involving the anorectal junction [1] as seen in the image. They are painful but common conditions like hemorrhoids, tears, fistulas, or abscesses that affect the anal region. [2] [3] Most people experience some form of anorectal disorder during their lifetime. [4]
Anal fistula is a chronic abnormal communication between the anal canal and the perianal skin. [1] An anal fistula can be described as a narrow tunnel with its internal opening in the anal canal and its external opening in the skin near the anus. [2] Anal fistulae commonly occur in people with a history of anal abscesses. They can form when ...
A perianal hematoma, identified by the typical blue tinge under the skin (to the left in the above image) The symptoms of a perianal hematoma can present over a short period of time. Pain, varying from mild to severe, [3] will occur as the skin surrounding the rupture expands due to pressure. This pain will usually last even after the blood has ...
The voltage (intensity) is started at 0, progressively raised to a threshold of patient discomfort, and then is decreased to a level that the patient finds comfortable. As the patient's tolerance increases, the voltage can be gradually increased to 250 to 350 Volts. Each treatment session usually lasts between 15 and 60 minutes.
Goodsall's rule, developed in 1887, relates the external opening (in the perianal skin) of an anal fistula to its internal opening (in the anal canal). It states that if the perianal skin opening is posterior to the transverse anal line, the fistulous tract will open into the anal canal in the midline posteriorly, sometimes taking a curvilinear course.