Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Cryptography has long been of interest to intelligence gathering and law enforcement agencies. [9] Secret communications may be criminal or even treasonous. [citation needed] Because of its facilitation of privacy, and the diminution of privacy attendant on its prohibition, cryptography is also of considerable interest to civil rights ...
In cryptography, the dining cryptographers problem studies how to perform a secure multi-party computation of the boolean-XOR function. David Chaum first proposed this problem in the early 1980s and used it as an illustrative example to show that it was possible to send anonymous messages with unconditional sender and recipient untraceability.
Kerckhoffs viewed cryptography as a rival to, and a better alternative than, steganographic encoding, which was common in the nineteenth century for hiding the meaning of military messages. One problem with encoding schemes is that they rely on humanly-held secrets such as "dictionaries" which disclose for example, the secret meaning of words.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cryptography: Cryptography (or cryptology) – practice and study of hiding information. Modern cryptography intersects the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, and engineering. Applications of cryptography include ATM cards, computer passwords, and electronic ...
There are a number of standards related to cryptography. Standard algorithms and protocols provide a focus for study; standards for popular applications attract a large amount of cryptanalysis . Encryption standards
Cryptography or cryptographic coding is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties (called adversaries). [8] More generally, it is about constructing and analyzing protocols that block adversaries; [ 9 ] various aspects in information security such as data confidentiality , data integrity ...
Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi: wrote a (now lost) book on cryptography titled the "Book of Cryptographic Messages". Al-Kindi, 9th century Arabic polymath and originator of frequency analysis. Athanasius Kircher, attempts to decipher crypted messages; Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, wrote a standard book on cryptography
Mathematically, a cryptosystem or encryption scheme can be defined as a tuple (,,,,) with the following properties.. is a set called the "plaintext space". Its elements are called plaintexts.; is a set called the "ciphertext space". Its elements are called ciphertexts.; is a set called the "key space". Its elements are called keys.; = {:} is a set of functions :. Its elements are called ...