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An Egyptian man with Anubis Faiyum mummy portrait of an Egyptian man with sword belt, Altes Museum. Egypt has always been one of the most populous lands of the ancient Mediterranean world, with a population of at least 3 million Egyptians in the first century BC according to the Greek historian Diodorus Siculus. [29]
Ancient Egyptian physicians were renowned in the ancient Near East for their healing skills, and some, such as Imhotep, remained famous long after their deaths. [176] Herodotus remarked that there was a high degree of specialization among Egyptian physicians, with some treating only the head or the stomach, while others were eye-doctors and ...
The earliest known examples of Egyptian royal iconography, such as, e.g., the representation of the Red Crown on a late Naqada I (c. 3500 BC) pottery vessel from Abydos or the triumphal scenes in the painting from Hierakonpolis Tomb 100 (c. 3400-3300 BC) are much older than the Qustul censer. It seems thus that it was the Qustul rulers who ...
The ancient Egyptian literature dates back to the Old Kingdom, in the third millennium BC. Religious literature is best known for its hymns to and its mortuary texts. The oldest extant Egyptian literature is the Pyramid Texts: the mythology and rituals carved around the tombs of rulers. The later, secular literature of ancient Egypt includes ...
The hallmarks of ancient Egyptian civilization, such as art, architecture and many aspects of religion, took shape during the Early Dynastic period. The strong institution of kingship developed by the pharaohs served to legitimize state control over the land, labor, and resources that were essential to the survival and growth of ancient ...
The conception of Egypt as the Two Lands was an example of the dualism in ancient Egyptian culture and frequently appeared in texts and imagery, including in the titles of Egyptian pharaohs. The Egyptian title zmꜣ - tꜣwj ( Egyptological pronunciation sema-tawy ) is usually translated as "Uniter of the Two Lands" [ 1 ] and was depicted as a ...
The Cambridge Ancient History Volume III, Part 3: The Expansion of the Greek World, Eighth to Sixth Centuries B.C. ISBN 978-0-521-23447-4. de la Vaissière, Étienne (2015). "The Steppe World and the Rise of the Huns". In Maas, Michael (ed.). The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Attila. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 175– 192.
Ernest Klein argued that the ancient Greek word for ' sea ', pelagos, and the Doric word plagos ' side ' (which is flat), shared the same root, *plāk-, and that *pelag-skoi therefore meant ' the sea men ', where the sea is flat. [11] This could be connected to the maritime marauders referred to as the Sea People in Egyptian records. [citation ...