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Borax (also referred to as sodium borate, tincal (/ ˈ t ɪ ŋ k əl /) and tincar (/ ˈ t ɪ ŋ k ər /)) is a salt (ionic compound), a hydrated or anhydrous borate of sodium, with the chemical formula Na 2 H 20 B 4 O 17. [1] [a] It is a colorless crystalline solid that dissolves in water to make a basic solution.
Thus borax, for example, is still often described as a decahydrate Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·10H 2 O, with the implied anion [B 4 O 7] 2−, whereas the correct formula is Na 2 B 4 O 5 (OH) 4 ·8H 2 O, with anion [B 4 O 5 (OH) 4] 2−. The following table gives some of the crystalline sodium borates in this family. [2]
Borax crystals. Common borate salts include sodium metaborate (NaBO 2) and borax. Borax is soluble in water, so mineral deposits only occur in places with very low rainfall. Extensive deposits were found in Death Valley and shipped with twenty-mule teams from 1883 to 1889. In 1925, deposits were found at Boron, California on the edge of the ...
The solution of orthoboric acid and borax in 4:5 ratio is used as a fire retarding agent of wood by impregnation. [38] It is also used in the manufacturing of ramming mass, a fine silica-containing powder used for producing induction furnace linings and ceramics. Boric acid is added to borax for use as welding flux by blacksmiths. [39]
Tincalconite typically occurs as a fine grained white powder. It crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system and has been found as primary euhedral di-rhombohedral, pseudo-octahedral crystals. It is also found pseudomorphically replacing borax crystals. It has a specific gravity of 1.88 and a Mohs hardness of 2.
Calcium borate (Ca 3 (BO 3) 2).It can be prepared by reacting calcium metal with boric acid.The resulting precipitate is calcium borate. A hydrated form occurs naturally as the minerals colemanite, nobleite and priceite.
Sodium perborate is manufactured by reaction of borax Na 2 B 4 O 7 and sodium hydroxide NaOH to give sodium metaborate NaBO 2, which is then reacted with hydrogen peroxide to give hydrated sodium perborate: [3] [10] Na 2 B 4 O 7 + 2 NaOH → 4 NaBO 2 + H 2 O 2 NaBO 2 + 2 H 2 O 2 → Na 2 B 2 O 4 (OH) 4. A surfactant may be added to control ...
Borax (Na 2 B 4 O 5 (OH) 4 · 8 H 2 O [2]) is a borate mineral found in evaporite deposits of alkaline lacustrine environments and as a surface efflorescence in arid regions. It is the chief mineral mined from the deposits at Boron, California and nearby locations, and is the chief source of commercial borax .