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A spotted gar larva at 22 days stained for cartilage (blue) and bone (red). Chondrogenesis is the biological process through which cartilage tissue is formed and developed. . This intricate and tightly regulated cellular differentiation pathway plays a crucial role in skeletal development, as cartilage serves as a fundamental component of the embryonic skele
Xylt1 is an essential gene in regards to chondrocytes and proper skeletal formation, and is a key factor in the close regulation of maturation. However, the mutation pug of the Xylt1 gene was studied in mice in 2014 and was found to cause the pre-maturation of chondrocytes.
Collagen alpha-1(X) chain is a protein that in humans is a member of the collagen family encoded by the COL10A1 gene. [5] [6] This gene encodes the alpha chain of type X collagen, a short chain collagen expressed by hypertrophic chondrocytes during endochondral ossification. Unlike type VIII collagen, the other short chain collagen, type X ...
The orange domain is a 30 residue sequence located on the carboxy-terminal end relative to the BHLH domain of the protein whose function is still unclear. [23] The basic helix-loop-helix domain allows members of the protein family to dimerize with each other to affect gene transcription through binding to specific DNA sequences. [24]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae was the first eukaryotic organism to have its complete genome sequence determined.. This list of "sequenced" eukaryotic genomes contains all the eukaryotes known to have publicly available complete nuclear and organelle genome sequences that have been sequenced, assembled, annotated and published; draft genomes are not included, nor are organelle-only sequences.
Bone morphogenetic protein 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BMP6 gene. [4] [5] [6] The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TGFβ superfamily. Bone morphogenetic proteins are known for their ability to induce the growth of bone and cartilage. BMP6 is able to induce all osteogenic markers in mesenchymal stem cells.
Low-resolution physical mapping is typically capable of resolving DNA ranging from one base pair to several mega bases. In this category, most mapping methods involve generating a somatic cell hybrid panel, which is able to map any human DNA sequences, the gene of interest [clarification needed], to specific chromosomes of animal cells, such as those of mice and hamsters. [4]
AP-1 was first discovered as a TPA-activated transcription factor that bound to a cis-regulatory element of the human metallothionein IIa promoter and SV40. [3] The AP-1 binding site was identified as the 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate response element (TRE) with the consensus sequence 5’-TGA G/C TCA-3’. [4]