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The Syriac alphabet (ܐܠܦ ܒܝܬ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ ʾālep̄ bêṯ Sūryāyā [a]) is a writing system primarily used to write the Syriac language since the 1st century AD. [1] It is one of the Semitic abjads descending from the Aramaic alphabet through the Palmyrene alphabet, [2] and shares similarities with the Phoenician, Hebrew, Arabic and Sogdian, the precursor and a direct ancestor of the ...
Syriac shares with Aramaic a set of lightly contrasted stop/fricative pairs. In different variations of a certain lexical root, a root consonant might exist in stop form in one variation and fricative form in another. In the Syriac alphabet, a single letter is used for each pair.
The Syriac alphabet has three principal varieties: Estrangelâ (the Classical Syriac script), Madnhâyâ (the Eastern Syriac script, often called "Assyrian" or "Nestorian"), Sertâ (the Western Syriac script, often called "Jacobite" or "Maronite"). The Syriac alphabet is extended by use of diacritics to write Arabic Garshuni.
Syriac is a Unicode block containing characters for all forms of the Syriac alphabet, including the Estrangela, Serto, Eastern Syriac, and the Christian Palestinian Aramaic variants. It is used in Literary Syriac, Neo-Aramaic, and Arabic among Syriac-speaking Christians.
The Syriac Aramaic alphabet was added to the Unicode Standard in September 1999, with the release of version 3.0. The Syriac Abbreviation (a type of overline) can be represented with a special control character called the Syriac Abbreviation Mark (U+070F). The Unicode block for Syriac Aramaic is U+0700–U+074F:
In the Syriac alphabet, the first letter is ܐ, Classical Syriac: ܐܵܠܲܦ, alap (in eastern dialects) or olaph (in western dialects). It is used in word-initial position to mark a word beginning with a vowel, but some words beginning with i or u do not need its help, and sometimes, an initial alap/olaph is elided .
In the Syriac alphabet, the second letter is ܒ — Beth (ܒܹܝܬ). It is one of six letters that represents two associated sounds (the others are Gimel , Dalet , Kaph , Pe and Taw ). When Beth has a hard pronunciation ( qûššāyâ ) it is a [ b ].
The program stated that they would instead use the more distinct Syriac alphabet, although use of Maalouli square script has continued to some degree. [35] Al Jazeera Arabic also broadcast a program about Western Neo-Aramaic and the villages in which it is spoken with the square script still in use.