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Anecdotal evidence (or anecdata [1]) is evidence based on descriptions and reports of individual, personal experiences, or observations, [2] [3] collected in a non-systematic manner. [4] The word anecdotal constitutes a variety of forms of evidence.
An argument from anecdote is an informal logical fallacy, when an anecdote is used to draw an improper logical conclusion.The fallacy can take many forms, such as cherry picking, hasty generalization, proof by assertion, and so on.
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A literature review is an overview of previously published works on a particular topic. The term can refer to a full scholarly paper or a section of a scholarly work such as books or articles. Either way, a literature review provides the researcher /author and the audiences with general information of an existing knowledge of a particular topic.
Some case reports also contain a literature review of other reported cases. Case reports are professional narratives that provide feedback on clinical practice guidelines and offer a framework for early signals of effectiveness, adverse events, and cost. They can be shared for medical, scientific, or educational purposes.
Misuse of anecdotal evidence is an informal fallacy. [citation needed] When usd in advertising or promotion of a product, service, or idea, anecdotal evidence is often called a testimonial. The term is also sometimes used in a legal context to describe certain kinds of testimony.