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During this, commoners would destroy house utensils, quench all fires, and receive new fire from the bonfire on top of Mt. Huixachtlan, lit on the chest of a sacrificed person by the high priests. Women were also a vital part of Aztec society and religion. Many women had the right to land and the ability to vote on important issues.
Among the Aztecs, the name Quetzalcoatl was also a priestly title, as the two most important priests of the Aztec Templo Mayor were called "Quetzalcoatl Tlamacazqui". In the Aztec ritual calendar, different deities were associated with the cycle-of-year names: Quetzalcoatl was tied to the year Ce Acatl (One Reed), which correlates to the year 1519.
Cihuateteo were likened to the spirits of male warriors who died in violent conflict, because childbirth was conceptually equivalent to the battles of Aztec culture. They lurk in temples or lie in wait at crossroads and are ghastly to behold. Tzitzimītl (sg. / Tzitzimīmeh, pl.), female deities.
Some Babylonian texts were even translations into Akkadian from the Sumerian language of earlier texts, although the names of some deities were changed in Babylonian texts. [ 2 ] Many Babylonian deities, myths, and religious writings are singular to that culture; for example, the uniquely Babylonian deity, Marduk , replaced Enlil as the head of ...
In Assyrian and Babylonian mythology the seven evil demons were known as Shedu or Lamassu, meaning "storm-demon". They were represented in winged bull form, derived from the colossal bulls used as protective genii of royal palaces, the name "Shed" assumed also the meaning of a propitious genius in Babylonian magical literature. [4]
Priests were allowed on the battlefield as chaplains, and could only defend themselves with clubs. [4] The Aztecs had a vanguard of warrior priests who carried deity banners and made sacrifices on the battlefield. [5] In more recent times, the warrior-priest was a common figure in the First Serbian Uprising (1804–13). [6]
The priests were very powerful members of Sumerian and Assyro-Babylonian society. Elamite Ziggurat of Dur Untash in Persian Choqa Zanbil in Khuzestan, Iran, circa 1300 BC. One of the best-preserved ziggurats is Chogha Zanbil in western Iran. [9] The Sialk ziggurat, in Kashan, Iran, is the oldest known ziggurat, dating to the early 3rd ...
Using ancient Babylonian records and texts that are now lost, Berossus published the Babyloniaca (hereafter, History of Babylonia) in three books some time around 290–278 BCE, by the patronage [7] of the Macedonian/Seleucid king Antiochus I Soter (during the third year of his reign, according to Diodorus Siculus [8] [9] [failed verification]).