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Protein Kinase C (PKC) is a class of enzymes that phosphorylates proteins. Its substrates are typically on the membrane surface where the enzyme is recruited by the lipid diacylglycerol. Thus a portion of PKC activation is through substrate presentation, i.e., by localization with its substrate on the membrane.
Because PPDK consumes ATP, the C4 pathway is unfavourable for plants in environments with little access to light, as they are unable to produce large quantities of ATP. [8] PPDK is highly abundant in C4 leaves, comprising up to 10% of total protein. [10] Research has shown that the enzyme is about 96% identical in different species of plants.
The first plant phytase was found in 1907 from rice bran [3] [4] and in 1908 from an animal (calf's liver and blood). [4] [5] In 1962 began the first attempt at commercializing phytases for animal feed nutrition enhancing purposes when International Minerals & Chemicals (IMC) studied over 2000 microorganisms to find the most suitable ones for phytase production.
Central dogma depicting transcription from DNA code to RNA code to the proteins in the second step covering the production of protein. Protein production is the biotechnological process of generating a specific protein. It is typically achieved by the manipulation of gene expression in an organism such that it expresses large amounts of a ...
The acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme (also known as acetohydroxy acid or acetohydroxyacid synthase, abbr. AHAS) [2] is a protein found in plants and micro-organisms. ALS catalyzes the first step in the synthesis of the branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine).
Polyphenol oxidase is an enzyme found throughout the plant and animal kingdoms, [31] including most fruits and vegetables. [32] PPO has importance to the food industry because it catalyzes enzymatic browning when tissue is damaged from bruising, compression or indentations, making the produce less marketable and causing economic loss.
Organisation of enzyme structure and lysozyme example. Binding sites in blue, catalytic site in red and peptidoglycan substrate in black. (In biology and biochemistry, the active site is the region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.
This may happen for various reasons, for example when the plant contains low amounts of cellular water due to drought. [51] The gating of an aquaporin is carried out by an interaction between a gating mechanism and the aquaporin, which causes a 3D change in the protein so that it blocks the pore and, thus, disallows the flow of water through ...