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Maximum cardinality matching is a fundamental problem in graph theory. [1] We are given a graph G, and the goal is to find a matching containing as many edges as possible; that is, a maximum cardinality subset of the edges such that each vertex is adjacent to at most one edge of the subset. As each edge will cover exactly two vertices, this ...
A maximum matching (also known as maximum-cardinality matching [2]) is a matching that contains the largest possible number of edges. There may be many maximum matchings. The matching number of a graph G is the size of a maximum matching. Every maximum matching is maximal, but not every maximal matching is a maximum matching.
In computer science, the Hopcroft–Karp algorithm (sometimes more accurately called the Hopcroft–Karp–Karzanov algorithm) [1] is an algorithm that takes a bipartite graph as input and produces a maximum-cardinality matching as output — a set of as many edges as possible with the property that no two edges share an endpoint.
Let G = (V,E) be a graph, where V are the vertices and E are the edges. A matching in G is a subset M of E, such that each vertex in V is adjacent to at most a single edge in M. A maximum matching is a matching of maximum cardinality. An edge e in E is called maximally matchable (or allowed) if there exists a maximum matching M that contains e.
The problem of finding a maximum-cardinality matching in a hypergraph, thus calculating (), is NP-hard even for 3-uniform hypergraphs (see 3-dimensional matching). This is in contrast to the case of simple (2-uniform) graphs in which computing a maximum-cardinality matching can be done in polynomial time.
The cardinality of a set F of edges is the dot product 1 E · 1 F. Therefore, a maximum cardinality matching in G is given by the following integer linear program: Maximize 1 E · x. Subject to: x in {0,1} m _____ A G · x ≤ 1 V.
A matching in a graph is a set of edges no two of which share an endpoint, and a matching is maximum if no other matching has more edges. [2] It is obvious from the definition that any vertex-cover set must be at least as large as any matching set (since for every edge in the matching, at least one vertex is needed in the cover).
The Dulmage-Mendelshon decomposition can be constructed as follows. [2] (it is attributed to [3] who in turn attribute it to [4]).Let G be a bipartite graph, M a maximum-cardinality matching in G, and V 0 the set of vertices of G unmatched by M (the "free vertices").