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MCHC can be normal even when hemoglobin production is decreased (such as in iron deficiency) due to a calculation artifact. MCHC can be elevated ("hyperchromic") in hereditary spherocytosis, sickle cell disease and homozygous hemoglobin C disease, depending upon the hemocytometer. [4] [5] MCHC can be elevated in some megaloblastic anemias. MCHC ...
It also frequently causes an increase in 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D, the active metabolite of vitamin D, which is usually hydroxylated within the kidney, but in sarcoidosis patients, hydroxylation of vitamin D can occur outside the kidneys, namely inside the immune cells found in the granulomas the condition produces. 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D is ...
Most fevers are caused by infectious disease and can be lowered, if desired, with antipyretic medications. An early morning temperature higher than 37.3 °C (99.1 °F) or a late afternoon temperature higher than 37.7 °C (99.9 °F) is normally considered a fever, assuming that the temperature is elevated due to a change in the hypothalamus's ...
If there is no improvement at this point or the blood potassium level is greater than 12 millimoles per litre at any time, resuscitation may be discontinued. [2] Hypothermia is the cause of at least 1,500 deaths a year in the United States. [2] It is more common in older people and males. [5]
The prevalence of the disease continues to increase, most dramatically in low- and middle-income nations. [17] Rates are similar in women and men, with diabetes being the seventh leading cause of death globally. [18] [19] The global expenditure on diabetes-related healthcare is an estimated US$760 billion a year. [20]
Blood glucose levels are maintained at a constant level in the body by a negative feedback mechanism. When the blood glucose level is too high, the pancreas secretes insulin and when the level is too low, the pancreas then secretes glucagon. The flat line shown represents the homeostatic set point.
[13] [14] Non-infectious causes include vasculitis, deep vein thrombosis, connective tissue disease, side effects of medication or vaccination, and cancer. [ 13 ] [ 15 ] It differs from hyperthermia , in that hyperthermia is an increase in body temperature over the temperature set point, due to either too much heat production or not enough heat ...
Cat-scratch disease has a worldwide distribution, but it is a nonreportable disease in humans, so public health data on this disease are inadequate. [22] Geographical location, present season, and variables associated with cats (such as exposure and degree of flea infestation ) all play a factor in the prevalence of CSD within a population. [ 23 ]