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History and development. The Gurmukhī script is generally believed to have roots in the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet [11] by way of the Brahmi script, [12] which developed further into the Northwestern group (Sharada, or Śāradā, and its descendants, including Landa and Takri), the Central group (Nagari and its descendants, including Devanagari ...
Shahmukhi (Punjabi: شاہ مُکھی, pronounced [ʃäː (ɦ)˦.mʊ.kʰiː], lit. 'from the Shah's or king's mouth'; Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ) is the right-to-left abjad -based script developed from the Perso-Arabic alphabet used for the Punjabi language varieties, predominantly in Punjab, Pakistan. [1][2][3][4] It is generally ...
Gurmukhi is a Unicode block containing characters for the Punjabi language, in the Gurmukhi script. In its original incarnation, the code points U+0A02..U+0A4C were a direct copy of the Gurmukhi characters A2-EC from the 1988 ISCII standard. The Devanagari, Bengali, Gujarati, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam blocks were similarly ...
Punjabi is the official language of the Indian state of Punjab, and has the status of an additional official language in Haryana and Delhi. Some of its major urban centres in northern India are Amritsar, Ludhiana, Chandigarh, Jalandhar, Ambala, Patiala, Bathinda, Hoshiarpur, Firozpur and Delhi. Punjabi in India.
Note that Hindi–Urdu transliteration schemes can be used for Punjabi as well, for Gurmukhi (Eastern Punjabi) to Shahmukhi (Western Punjabi) conversion, since Shahmukhi is a superset of the Urdu alphabet (with 2 extra consonants) and the Gurmukhi script can be easily converted to the Devanagari script.
Santhiya or Santhya (Gurmukhi: ਸੰਥਿਆ, romanized: Sathi'ā; ' elocution ') is the correct pronunciation (ucharan[1]) of Gurbani, [2][3] taught in the manner of the 10th Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh. [4] It is comparable to the Islamic tajwid. Santhiya is almost always taught via a giani (also known as an Ustadh or Gurdev), who then ...
Ṅaṅā [ŋɑŋːɑ̃] (ਙ) is the tenth letter of the Gurmukhi alphabet. Its name is [ŋɑŋːɑ̃] and is pronounced as /ŋ/ when used in words. It is derived from the Laṇḍā letter ṅa, and ultimately from the Brahmi ṅa. Gurmukhi ṅaṅā does not have a special pairin or addha (reduced) form for making conjuncts, and in modern ...
Anandpur Lipi ( Punjabi: ਆਨੰਦਪੁਰ ਲਿਪੀ; also known as Anandpuri Lipi or Shehkasteh) is a calligraphic ( Punjabi: Shikasta[ 1][ 2][ note 1]) style of the Gurmukhi script associated with Guru Gobind Singh. [ 3] It is commonly found among early manuscripts of the Dasam Granth scripture as the employed script. [ 4]: 242.