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Protein synthesis is process in which polypeptide chains are formed from coded combinations of single amino acids inside the cell. The synthesis of new polypeptides requires a coded sequence, enzymes, and messenger, ribosomal, and transfer ribonucleic acids (RNAs).
Protein synthesis, as the name implies, is the process by which every cell produces specific proteins in its ribosome. In this process, polypeptide chains are formed from varying amounts of 20 different amino acids.
Protein biosynthesis (or protein synthesis) is a core biological process, occurring inside cells, balancing the loss of cellular proteins (via degradation or export) through the production of new proteins.
Understanding protein synthesis is paramount in studying various medical fields, from the molecular basis of genetic diseases through antibiotic development to expressing recombinant proteins as drugs or clinical laboratory reagents.
Transcription and RNA processing are followed by translation, the synthesis of proteins as directed by mRNA templates. Proteins are the active players in most cell processes, implementing the myriad tasks that are directed by the information encoded in genomic DNA.
Within the ribosome, the rRNA molecules direct the catalytic steps of protein synthesis — the stitching together of amino acids to make a protein molecule.
In the simplest sense, expressing a gene means manufacturing its corresponding protein, and this multilayered process has two major steps. In the first step, the information in DNA is transferred...
Relate protein synthesis and its two major phases to the central dogma of molecular biology. Identify the steps of transcription, and summarize what happens during each step. Explain how mRNA is processed before it leaves the nucleus.
Proteins are biopolymeric structures composed of amino acids, of which 20 are commonly found in biological chemistry. Proteins serve as structural support, biochemical catalysts, hormones, enzymes, building blocks, and initiators of cellular death.
Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus. It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.