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Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. [1] Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity).
Mold illness isn’t easy to define, and the path from home mold growth to debilitating chronic health symptoms is complicated. But often the story starts like this: Moisture in a home can cause ...
Mercury poisoning is a type of metal poisoning due to exposure to mercury. [ 3 ] Symptoms depend upon the type, dose, method, and duration of exposure. [ 3 ][ 4 ] They may include muscle weakness, poor coordination, numbness in the hands and feet, skin rashes, anxiety, memory problems, trouble speaking, trouble hearing, or trouble seeing. [ 1 ]
Lead poisoning, also known as plumbism and saturnism, is a type of metal poisoning caused by lead in the body. [2] Symptoms may include abdominal pain, constipation, headaches, irritability, memory problems, infertility, and tingling in the hands and feet. [1] It causes almost 10% of intellectual disability of otherwise unknown cause and can ...
Nitrogen dioxide poisoning is the illness resulting from the toxic effect of nitrogen dioxide (NO. 2). It usually occurs after the inhalation of the gas beyond the threshold limit value. [1] Nitrogen dioxide is reddish-brown with a very harsh smell at high concentrations, at lower concentrations it is colorless but may still have a harsh odour.
Toxicology is a scientific discipline, overlapping with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine, that involves the study of the adverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms [ 1 ] and the practice of diagnosing and treating exposures to toxins and toxicants. The relationship between dose and its effects on the exposed ...
Acute toxicity is distinguished from chronic toxicity, which describes the adverse health effects from repeated exposures, often at lower levels, to a substance over a longer time period (months or years). It is widely considered unethical to use humans as test subjects for acute (or chronic) toxicity research.
The toxic effects of salicylates have been described since at least 1877. [5] In 2004, more than 20,000 cases with 43 deaths were reported in the United States. [1] About 1% of those with an acute overdose die, while chronic overdoses may have severe outcomes. [3] Older people are at higher risks of toxicity for any given dose. [5]