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The two types of beta decay are known as beta minus and beta plus.In beta minus (β −) decay, a neutron is converted to a proton, and the process creates an electron and an electron antineutrino; while in beta plus (β +) decay, a proton is converted to a neutron and the process creates a positron and an electron neutrino. β + decay is also known as positron emission.
A beta particle, also called beta ray or beta radiation (symbol β), is a high-energy, high-speed electron or positron emitted by the radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus, known as beta decay. There are two forms of beta decay, β − decay and β + decay, which produce electrons and positrons, respectively. [2] Beta particles with an energy ...
Inverse beta decay proceeds as [2] [3] [4] ν e + p → e + + n, where an electron antineutrino (ν e) interacts with a proton (p) to produce a positron (e +) and a neutron (n). The IBD reaction can only be initiated when the antineutrino possesses at least 1.806 MeV [3] [4] of kinetic energy (called the threshold energy). This threshold energy ...
Potassium-40 undergoes four different types of radioactive decay, including all three main types of beta decay: electron emission (β −) to 40 Ca with a decay energy of 1.31 MeV at 89.6% probability, positron emission (β + to 40 Ar at 0.001% probability, [1] electron capture (EC) to 40 Ar * followed by a gamma decay emitting a photon [Note 1 ...
Positron emission, beta plus decay, or β + decay is a subtype of radioactive decay called beta decay, in which a proton inside a radionuclide nucleus is converted into a neutron while releasing a positron and an electron neutrino (ν e). [1] Positron emission is mediated by the weak force.
This is because the mass–energy is a convex function of atomic number, so all nuclides on an odd isobaric chain except one have a lower-energy neighbor to which they can decay by beta decay. See Mattauch isobar rule. (123 Te is expected to decay to 123 Sb, but the half-life appears to be so long that the decay has never been observed.)
Many of these in theory could decay through spontaneous fission, alpha decay, double beta decay, etc. with a very long half-life, but no radioactive decay has yet been observed. Thus, the number of stable nuclides is subject to change if some of these 251 are determined to be very long-lived radioactive nuclides in the future.
The following known beta-stable (or almost beta-stable in the cases 48 Ca, 96 Zr, and 222 Rn [10]) [18] nuclides with A ≤ 260 are theoretically capable of double beta decay, where red are isotopes that have a double-beta rate measured experimentally and black have yet to be measured experimentally: 46 Ca, 48 Ca, 70 Zn, 76 Ge, 80 Se, 82 Se, 86 ...