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Aqueous solutions of iron(III) chloride are also produced industrially from a number of iron precursors, including iron oxides: Fe 2 O 3 + 6 HCl + 9 H 2 O → 2 FeCl 3 (H 2 O) 6. In complementary route, iron metal can be oxidized by hydrochloric acid followed by chlorination: [10] Fe + 2 HCl → FeCl 2 + H 2 FeCl 2 + 0.5 Cl 2 + 6 H 2 O → FeCl ...
Ferrous chloride is prepared by addition of iron powder to a solution of hydrochloric acid in methanol. This reaction gives the methanol solvate of the dichloride, which upon heating in a vacuum at about 160 °C converts to anhydrous FeCl 2. [4] The net reaction is shown: Fe + 2 HCl → FeCl 2 + H 2. FeBr 2 and FeI 2 can be prepared analogously.
Ferric EDTA can be used as a component for the Hoagland solution or the Long Ashton Nutrient Solution. [7] According to Jacobson (1951), [2] the stability of ferric EDTA was tested by adding 5 ppm iron, as the complex, to Hoagland's solution at various pH values. No loss of iron occurred below pH 6.
The addition of ferric chloride, FeCl 3, to well water immediately after the well at the influent to the treatment plant creates ferric hydroxide, Fe(OH) 3, and hydrochloric acid, HCl. 3H 2 O + FeCl 3 → Fe(OH) 3 + 3HCl. Fe(OH) 3 in water is a strong adsorbent of arsenate, As(V), provided that the pH is low.
The iron compounds produced on the largest scale in industry are iron(II) sulfate (FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O) and iron(III) chloride (FeCl 3). The former is one of the most readily available sources of iron(II), but is less stable to aerial oxidation than Mohr's salt ((NH 4) 2 Fe(SO 4) 2 ·6H 2 O). Iron(II) compounds tend to be oxidized to iron(III ...
In the presence chelating ligands, the complex hydrolysis reactions are avoided. One of these ligands is EDTA, which is often used to dissolve iron deposits or added to fertilizers to make iron in the soil available (soluble) to plants. Citrate also solubilizes ferric ion at neutral pH, although its complexes are less stable than those of EDTA.
Metals in the middle of the reactivity series, such as iron, will react with acids such as sulfuric acid (but not water at normal temperatures) to give hydrogen and a metal salt, such as iron(II) sulfate: Fe (s) + H 2 SO 4 (l) → FeSO 4 (aq) + H 2 (g) There is some ambiguity at the borderlines between the groups.
A single-displacement reaction, also known as single replacement reaction or exchange reaction, is an archaic concept in chemistry. It describes the stoichiometry of some chemical reactions in which one element or ligand is replaced by an atom or group. [1] [2] [3] It can be represented generically as: + +