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Takeoff weight is the weight of an aircraft as it takes off partway along a runway. Few flight planning systems calculate the actual takeoff weight; instead, the fuel used for taking off is counted as part of the fuel used for climbing up to the normal cruise height. Landing weight is the weight of an aircraft as it lands at the destination ...
The true ground speed is determined by matching the center hole to the speed portion of the grid. The mathematical formulas that equate to the results of the flight computer wind calculator are as follows: (desired course is d, ground speed is V g, heading is a, true airspeed is V a, wind direction is w, wind speed is V w. d, a and w are angles.
In the air, the flight computer can be used to calculate ground speed, estimated fuel burn and updated estimated time of arrival. The back is designed for wind correction calculations, i.e., determining how much the wind is affecting one's speed and course. One of the most useful parts of the E6B, is the technique of finding distance over time.
Conventional airplanes accelerate along the ground until reaching a speed that is sufficient for the airplane to takeoff and climb at a safe speed. Some airplanes can take off at low speed, this being a short takeoff. Some aircraft such as helicopters and Harrier jump jets can take off and land vertically. Rockets also usually take off ...
Similarly, the Equal time point, referred to as the ETP (also critical point), is the point in the flight where it would take the same time to continue flying straight, or track back to the departure aerodrome. The ETP is not dependent on fuel, but wind, giving a change in ground speed out from, and back to the departure aerodrome.
The first critical speed during takeoff (at which a pilot must decide whether to continue with takeoff or abort it) is called the "decision speed", or V 1, beyond which it would be unsafe to abort the takeoff. Rotation is begun at the speed known as V R. Rotation at the correct speed and to the correct angle is important for safety reasons and ...
A headwind will reduce the ground speed needed for takeoff, as there is a greater flow of air over the wings. Typical takeoff air speeds for jetliners are in the range of 240–285 km/h (130–154 kn; 149–177 mph). Light aircraft, such as a Cessna 150, take off at around 100 km/h (54 kn; 62 mph). Ultralights have even lower takeoff speeds.
Takeoff and Landing Performance Assessment (TALPA) is a method used by airport operators to determine runway conditions for takeoff and landing. It produces a Field Condition report that allows pilots to assess braking action when the runway is not dry.