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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are a class of pharmaceuticals that suppress the activity of carbonic anhydrase. Their clinical use has been established as anti- glaucoma agents, diuretics , antiepileptics , in the management of mountain sickness , gastric and duodenal ulcers , idiopathic intracranial hypertension , neurological disorders , or ...
Acetazolamide is a first generation carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and it decreases the ocular fluid and osmolality in the eye to decrease intraocular pressure. [5] [6] Common side effects include numbness, ringing in the ears, loss of appetite, vomiting, and sleepiness. [2]
For example, carbonic anhydrase produces acid in the stomach lining. In the kidney, the control of bicarbonate ions influences the water content of the cell. The control of bicarbonate ions also influences the water content in the eyes. Inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase are used to treat glaucoma, the excessive build-up of water in the eyes.
Brinzolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (specifically, carbonic anhydrase II). Carbonic anhydrase is found primarily in erythrocytes (but also in other tissues including the eye). It exists as a number of isoenzymes, the most active of which is carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II).
Serious side effects include Steven Johnson syndrome. [3] Those allergic to sulfonamides may be allergic to dorzolamide. [3] [5] Use is not recommended in pregnancy or breastfeeding. [5] It is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and works by decreasing the production of aqueous humor. [3] Dorzolamide was approved for medical use in the United States ...
Dichlorphenamide as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor is used for the treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma. While Dichlorphenamide does contain two sulfate groups within the structure, it falls under the class of a first generation carbonic anhydrase Inhibitor.
Zonisamide and other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as topiramate, furosemide, and hydrochlorothiazide have been known to interfere with amobarbital, which has led to inadequate anesthetization during the Wada test. [21] Zonisamide may also interact with other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors to increase the potential for metabolic acidosis. [5]
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