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Cambridge History of Islam, Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-29136-4. Humphreys, R. Stephen, ed. (1990). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XV: The Crisis of the Early Caliphate: The Reign of ʿUthmān, A.D. 644–656/A.H. 24–35. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
Uthman ibn Affan (Arabic: عُثْمَان بْن عَفَّان, romanized: ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān; c. 573 or 576 – 17 June 656) was the third caliph, ruling from 644 until his assassination in 656.
Uthman was known as "Abu ‘Amr" before Islam. [3]: 38 It is therefore inferred that he had a son named ‘Amr who died in infancy. However, nothing is known about this child or his mother. Asma bint Abi Jahl (from the Banu Makhzum) Mughira ibn Uthman: This wife and child are only mentioned in one source, so the report may be apocryphal.
The 3rd Rashidun Caliph, Uthman (r. 644–656) continued the policy of military expansion carried out by his predecessors, Umar and Abu Bakr.During his reign, the caliphate stretched from Tripolitania, Egypt, and Anatolia to Greater Khorasan and Sindh and reached its greatest extent in 654 CE.
Al-Maqri mentions that this Quran was the Quran of Uthman ibn Affan, which he was reading at the time of his martyrdom: "In the aforementioned mosque, was the Quran of Uthman bin Affan, which was written by his own hand, with a gold ornament covered with rubies, with brocade covers and on a chair made of wet oud with gold nails."
Affan married Arwa bint Kurayz, who was the daughter of Kurayz ibn Rabi'ah and Umm Hakim bint Abd Al-Muttalib ibn Hashim. She was also a cousin of Muhammad. His son Uthman was born in Ta'if. The exact date is disputed: both 576 and 583 are indicated. [1]: 57 He is listed as one of the 22 Meccans "at the dawn of Islam" who knew how to write. [2]
Umar nominated six men to this committee in most sources, [11] all from the Muhajirun (early Meccan converts). [4] The committee consisted of Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib, Muhammad's son-in-law Uthman ibn Affan, Uthman's brother-in-law and Umar's key advisor Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, Ibn Awf's cousin Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, Ali's cousin Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, and Talha ibn ...
The copy of the Quran is traditionally considered to be one of a group commissioned by the third caliph Uthman. According to Islamic tradition, in 651, 19 years after the death of the Islamic Prophet, Muhammad, Uthman commissioned a committee to produce a standard copy of the text of the Quran (see Origin and development of the Quran). [3]