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It stretches from median sacral crest [3] and the free margin of the sacral hiatus [1] to the dorsal surface of the coccyx. [1] The lateral sacrococcygeal ligaments run from the lower lateral angles of the sacrum to the transverse processes of the first coccygeal vertebra to complete the foramina for the last sacral nerve. [1]
The sacrum (pl.: sacra or sacrums [1]), in human anatomy, is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine that forms by the fusing of the sacral vertebrae (S1–S5) between ages 18 and 30. [2] The sacrum situates at the upper, back part of the pelvic cavity, between the two wings of the pelvis. It forms joints with four other bones.
A coccyx with four vertebrae below the sacrum. The coccyx is formed of three, four or five rudimentary vertebrae.It articulates superiorly with the sacrum.In each of the first three segments may be traced a rudimentary body and articular and transverse processes; the last piece (sometimes the third) is a mere nodule of bone.
coccyx and anococcygeal raphe: inferior gluteal artery: levator ani nerve inferior rectal nerve from pudendal nerve (S3, S4) coccygeal plexus; supports organs in pelvic cavity: 2 1 pubococcygeus: Torso, Pelvis, Levator ani: back surface of pubis, anterior part of obturator fascia: coccyx and sacrum: inferior gluteal artery: levator ani nerve
In the human body, the lateral sacrococcygeal ligament is a bilaterally paired ligament extending between the transverse process coccyx, and the inferolateral angle of the sacrum. [1] The ligament forms a foramen for [2] [1] an anterior ramus [1] of the fifth sacral nerve (S5). [2] [1] The ligament may become ossified. [1]
[3] [4] It is inserted by its base into the margin of the coccyx and into the side of the lowest piece of the sacrum. [3] [4] In combination with the levator ani, it forms the pelvic diaphragm. [5] The pudendal nerve runs between the coccygeus muscle and the piriformis muscle, superficial to the coccygeus muscle. [6]
The deep dorsal sacrococcygeal ligament (ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius profundum) is a continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament. [1] A flat band arising inside the sacral canal, posteriorly at the orifice of the fifth sacral segment, it descends to the dorsal surface of the coccyx under its longer fellow described below.
The sacrotuberous ligament is attached by its broad base to the posterior superior iliac spine, the posterior sacroiliac ligaments (with which it is partly blended), to the lower transverse sacral tubercles and the lateral margins of the lower sacrum and upper coccyx.