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p-chart. In statistical quality control, the p-chart is a type of control chart used to monitor the proportion of nonconforming units in a sample, where the sample proportion nonconforming is defined as the ratio of the number of nonconforming units to the sample size, n. [1]
x̅ and R chart. x̅. and R chart. In statistical process control (SPC), the and R chart is a type of scheme, popularly known as control chart, used to monitor the mean and range of a normally distributed variables simultaneously, when samples are collected at regular intervals from a business or industrial process. [1]
Control charts are graphical plots used in production control to determine whether quality and manufacturing processes are being controlled under stable conditions. (ISO 7870-1) [1] The hourly status is arranged on the graph, and the occurrence of abnormalities is judged based on the presence of data that differs from the conventional trend or deviates from the control limit line.
x̅ and s chart. x̅. and s chart. In statistical quality control, the and s chart is a type of control chart used to monitor variables data when samples are collected at regular intervals from a business or industrial process. [1] This is connected to traditional statistical quality control (SQC) and statistical process control (SPC).
Shewhart individuals control chart. In statistical quality control, the individual/moving-range chart is a type of control chart used to monitor variables data from a business or industrial process for which it is impractical to use rational subgroups. [1] The chart is necessary in the following situations: [2]: 231.
The process capability is a measurable property of a process to the specification, expressed as a process capability index (e.g., C pk or C pm) or as a process performance index (e.g., P pk or P pm). The output of this measurement is often illustrated by a histogram and calculations that predict how many parts will be produced out of ...
Although sometimes used synonymously, a positive predictive value generally refers to what is established by control groups, while a post-test probability refers to a probability for an individual. Still, if the individual's pre-test probability of the target condition is the same as the prevalence in the control group used to establish the ...
Sample size determination. Sample size determination or estimation is the act of choosing the number of observations or replicates to include in a statistical sample. The sample size is an important feature of any empirical study in which the goal is to make inferences about a population from a sample. In practice, the sample size used in a ...