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Functionality (chemistry) In chemistry, functionality is the presence of functional groups in a molecule. A monofunctional molecule possesses one functional group, a bifunctional (or difunctional) two, a trifunctional three, and so forth. In organic chemistry (and other fields of chemistry), a molecule's functionality has a decisive influence ...
A nanoparticle or ultrafine particle is a particle of matter 1 to 100 nanometres (nm) in diameter. [1][2] The term is sometimes used for larger particles, up to 500 nm, or fibers and tubes that are less than 100 nm in only two directions. [2]: 394 At the lowest range, metal particles smaller than 1 nm are usually called atom clusters instead.
Late-stage functionalization. Late-stage functionalization (LSF) is a desired, chemical or biochemical, chemoselective transformation on a complex molecule to provide at least one analog in sufficient quantity and purity for a given purpose without needing the addition of a functional group that exclusively serves to enable said transformation.
A functional group is a group of atoms in a molecule with distinctive chemical properties, regardless of the other atoms in the molecule. The atoms in a functional group are linked to each other and to the rest of the molecule by covalent bonds. For repeating units of polymers, functional groups attach to their nonpolar core of carbon atoms and ...
Often, when authors make the distinction between C–H functionalization and C−H activation, they will restrict the latter to the narrow sense. However, it may be challenging to definitively demonstrate the involvement or non-involvement of an interaction between the C–H bond and the metal prior to cleavage of the bond.
End functionalized polyolefins are polyolefin with functionality either at one end or at both ends of the chain. One example of end functionalization is through living polymerization. Using a vanadium terminated polypropene chain, subsequent reaction with carbon monoxide and acid can result in an aldehyde terminated polypropene chain.
Surface modification. Surface modification is the act of modifying the surface of a material by bringing physical, chemical or biological characteristics different from the ones originally found on the surface of a material. [1] This modification is usually made to solid materials, but it is possible to find examples of the modification to the ...
Plasma activation. Plasma activation (or plasma functionalization) is a method of surface modification employing plasma processing, which improves surface adhesion properties of many materials including metals, glass, ceramics, a broad range of polymers and textiles and even natural materials such as wood and seeds.