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Bupranolol is a non-selective beta blocker without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA), but with strong membrane stabilizing activity. Its potency is similar to propranolol . Uses and dosage
Some beta blockers (e.g. oxprenolol, pindolol, penbutolol, labetalol and acebutolol) exhibit intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA). These agents are capable of exerting low-level agonist activity at the β-adrenergic receptor while simultaneously acting as a receptor site antagonist .
Four of the stereoisomers of nadolol. Nadolol is a non-selective beta blocker; that is, it non-selectively blocks both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors.It has a preference for beta-1 receptors, which are predominantly located in the heart, thereby inhibiting the effects of catecholamines and causing a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure.
The first reported synthesis of mepindolol in 1971 used 4-hydroxy-2-methylindole {9) with epichlorohydrin and then isopropylamine to add the sidechain which was known to produce beta blockers, by analogy with drugs discovered by Imperial Chemical Industries, such as propanolol. [2]
Prenalterol, sold under the brand name Hyprenan, is a sympathomimetic agent and cardiac stimulant which acts as a β 1-adrenergic receptor partial agonist and is used in the treatment of heart failure.
Acebutolol is a cardioselective beta-1 blocker which also considered a partial agonist due to its intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA). This means it provides low-grade beta stimulation at rest but acting as typical beta-blockers when sympathetic activity is high. [3]
Pindolol, sold under the brand name Visken among others, is a nonselective beta blocker which is used in the treatment of hypertension. [1] [2] It is also an antagonist of the serotonin 5-HT 1A receptor, preferentially blocking inhibitory 5-HT 1A autoreceptors, and has been researched as an add-on therapy to various antidepressants, such as clomipramine and the selective serotonin reuptake ...
Cicloprolol (INN Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name; developmental code name SL-75177), or cycloprolol (BAN Tooltip British Approved Name), is a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist (beta blocker) described as an antihypertensive agent which was never marketed.