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Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a term used to refer to several kidney diseases (usually affecting both kidneys). Many of the diseases are characterised by inflammation either of the glomeruli or of the small blood vessels in the kidneys, hence the name, [1] but not all diseases necessarily have an inflammatory component. [citation needed]
Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis is a disorder of the small blood vessels of the kidney.It is a common complication of bacterial infections, typically skin infection by Streptococcus bacteria types 12, 4 and 1 but also after streptococcal pharyngitis, for which it is also known as postinfectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) or poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN). [4]
Nephritis represents the ninth-most-common cause of death among all women in the US (and the fifth leading cause among non-Hispanic black women). [ 19 ] Worldwide, the highest rates [ clarification needed ] of nephritis are 50–55% for African or Asian descent followed by Hispanic at 43% and Caucasian at 17%.
Historically, nephritic syndrome has been characterized by blood in the urine (hematuria), high blood pressure (hypertension), decreased urine output <400 ml/day (oliguria), red blood cell casts, pyuria, and mild to moderate proteinuria. [8][9] If the condition is allowed to progress without treatment, it can eventually lead to azotemia and ...
Specialty. Nephrology. Glomerulonephrosis is a non-inflammatory disease of the kidney (nephrosis) presenting primarily in the glomerulus (a glomerulopathy) as nephrotic syndrome. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney and it contains the glomerulus, which acts as a filter for blood to retain proteins and blood lipids.
Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms due to kidney damage. This includes protein in the urine, low blood albumin levels, high blood lipids, and significant swelling. Other symptoms may include weight gain, feeling tired, and foamy urine. Complications may include blood clots, infections, and high blood pressure.
Acute kidney injury. Pathologic kidney specimen showing marked pallor of the cortex, contrasting to the darker areas of surviving medullary tissue. The patient died with acute kidney injury. Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF), [1][2] is a sudden decrease in kidney function that develops within 7 days, [3] as ...
Specialty. Nephrology. Bright's disease is a historical classification of kidney diseases that are described in modern medicine as acute or chronic nephritis. [ 1 ] It was characterized by swelling and the presence of albumin in the urine, and was frequently accompanied by high blood pressure and heart disease.