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t. e. The Targum Jonathan (Hebrew: תרגום יונתן בן עוזיאל) is the Aramaic translation of the Nevi'im section of the Hebrew Bible employed in Lower Mesopotamia ("Babylonia"). [1] It is not to be confused with " Targum Pseudo-Jonathan," an Aramaic translation of the Torah. It is often known as "Targum Jonathan" due to a printer's ...
Rabbinic literature. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan (also known as the Jerusalem Targum, Targum Yerushalmi, or Targum Jonathan) is an Aramaic translation and interpretation (targum) of the Torah (Pentateuch) traditionally thought to have originated from the land of Israel, although more recently a provenance in 12th-century Italy has been proposed. [1 ...
Targum Yonathan considered this to be implicit in Exodus 22:30. [49] One who kept this stringency was called a porush, meaning "separated" (from ṭumah). [50] This was also one of the criteria for being a haver (a "friend" or "fellow" with whom the rabbis could eat without risk of violating purity laws), [51] and according to some, the main ...
11th century Hebrew Bible with targum, perhaps from Tunisia, found in Iraq: part of the Schøyen Collection. A targum (Imperial Aramaic: תרגום 'interpretation, translation, version') was an originally spoken translation of the Hebrew Bible (also called the Hebrew: תַּנַ״ךְ, romanized: Tana"kh) that a professional translator (מְתוּרגְמָן mǝṯurgǝmān) would give in ...
Rabbinic literature. Targum Onkelos (or Onqelos; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: תַּרְגּוּם אֻנְקְלוֹס, Targūm ’Unqəlōs) is the primary Jewish Aramaic targum ("translation") of the Torah, accepted as an authoritative translated text of the Five Books of Moses and thought to have been written in the early second century CE.
Iscah (Hebrew: יִסְכָּה Yīskā; Greek: Ἰεσχά) is the daughter of Haran and the niece of Abraham in the Book of Genesis. The passage in which Iscah is mentioned is extremely brief. As a result rabbinical scholars have developed theories to explain it, typically adopting the claim that Iscah was an alternate name for Sarah (Sarai ...
Zaphnath-Paaneah (Biblical Hebrew: צָפְנַת פַּעְנֵחַ Ṣāp̄naṯ Paʿnēaḥ, LXX: Ψονθομφανήχ Psonthomphanḗch) is the name given by Pharaoh to Joseph in the Genesis narrative (Genesis 41:45). The name may be of Egyptian origins, but there is no straightforward etymology; some Egyptologists accept that the second ...
Jewish translations. Aramaic translations of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) played an important role in the liturgy and learning of rabbinic Judaism. Each such translation is called a Targum (plural: Targumim). During Talmudic times the targum was interpolated within the public reading of the Torah in the synagogue, verse by verse (a tradition that ...