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Polypropylene is produced by the chain-growth polymerization of propene: The industrial production processes can be grouped into gas phase polymerization, bulk polymerization and slurry polymerization. All state-of-the-art processes use either gas-phase or bulk reactor systems. [1]
[7] Using lightweight materials such as plastics, high strength steels and aluminium can mean less strain on the engine and better gas mileage as well as improved handling. [8] One material sometimes used to reduce weight for structures that can accept the cost premium is carbon fiber . [ 9 ]
Polypropylene manufacturers consume nearly two thirds of global production. [17] Polypropylene end uses include films, fibers, containers, packaging, and caps and closures. Propene is also used for the production of chemicals such as propylene oxide, acrylonitrile, cumene, butyraldehyde, and acrylic acid. In the year 2013 about 85 million ...
Fuel additives in the United States are regulated under section 211 of the Clean Air Act (as amended in January 1995). The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires the registration of all fuel additives which are commercially distributed for use in highway motor vehicles in the United States, [8] and may require testing and ban harmful additives.
Fuel-efficient sedans will be more important than ever going into 2025, as they will be the vehicles that save you the most money. With the average American spending thousands in annual...
New vehicles sold in the U.S. will have to average about 38 miles per gallon of gasoline in 2031 in real-world driving, up from about 29 mpg this year, under new federal rules unveiled Friday by ...
On Dec. 29, the agency announced a bump in the optional standard mileage rate starting Jan. 1, 2023 — which will now be 65.5 cents per mile driven. Taxpayers can use the new rate to calculate ...
Outgassing (sometimes called offgassing, particularly when in reference to indoor air quality) is the release of a gas that was dissolved, trapped, frozen, or absorbed in some material. [1] Outgassing can include sublimation and evaporation (which are phase transitions of a substance into a gas), as well as desorption , seepage from cracks or ...